---
title: "Rénhuà báimáo chá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/renhua-baimao-cha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Rénhuà báimáo chá (仁化白毛茶)

**Renhua Baimao Cha** (*Rénhuà báimáo chá*, 仁化白毛茶) ndi tiyi wa m’boma la Renhua (仁化县) m’chigawo cha Shaoguan kumpoto kwa chigawo cha Guangdong, wochokera ku mtundu wa tiyi wa m’deralo wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira okhala ndi ubweya woyera. Dzinali limatanthauza “tiyi wa ubweya woyera wa ku Renhua” ndipo limanena za tsamba, osati gulu lake: malinga ndi njira yopangira, chinthu ichi chimapangidwira tiyi wofiira komanso wobiriwira. M’bomali muli mapiri a Danxiashan, miyala yofiira yomwe akatswiri a geology adayambitsa kufotokoza mtundu wa malo otchedwa Danxia. Kuyambira 2014, tiyiyu akutetezedwa ngati chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo (geographical indication), ndipo kuyambira 2021 ali ndi mulingo wa dera wa chinthu cha GI.

**1. Magulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Magulu awiri pansi pa dzina limodzi, wofiira (红茶, *hóngchá*) ndi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*). “白毛” ndi “ubweya woyera” ndi dzina la mtundu wa tiyi, osati gulu la tiyi woyera.
* **Gulu:** Tiyi wa mtundu wa m’deralo wa ubweya woyera wa kumpoto kwa Guangdong; chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo (2014).
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Guangdong (广东, *Guǎngdōng*), boma la Shaoguan (韶关, *Sháoguān*), m’boma la Renhua (仁化县, *Rénhuà Xiàn*). Dera lotetezedwa limakhazikitsidwa ndi mulingo wa dera; malire ake enieni sanapezeke m’mabuku omwe tawapeza. Malinga ndi zolemba, madera akuluakulu opangira ndi matauni a Hongshan (红山镇) ndi Chengkou (城口镇).
* **Malo a geography:** Boma la Renhua lili pafupifupi 25.1° kumpoto ndi 113.7° kum’mawa.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Ming, “白茅茶”.** Dzina lakale la tiyiyu ndi 白茅茶 (*báimáo chá*): limamveka mofanana ndi la masiku ano, koma limalembedwa ndi chilembo 茅, kutanthauza “udzu wotchedwa mao”. Zolemba zimanena kuti tiyiyu adapangidwa mu nthawi ya Ming.
    * **Qing, msonkho.** Mu nthawi ya Jiaqing (1796–1820), malinga ndi zolemba, tiyiyu ankatumizidwa kale ku nyumba yachifumu.
    * **2014.** Pa 2 September, General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) idateteza Renhua Baimao Cha ngati chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo; malinga ndi zolemba, ichi ndi chilengezo № 96 cha 2014.
    * **2021, mulingo.** Mulingo wa dera wa boma la Shaoguan **DB4402/T 10—2021 “地理标志产品 仁化白毛茶”** udasindikizidwa pa 13 August ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito pa 13 September 2021. Umakhazikitsa mawu, dera lotetezedwa, mikhalidwe ya chilengedwe, kusankha mtundu, kulima ndi kukonza, magulu a chinthu, zofunikira pa ubwino, njira ndi malamulo oyesera, kulemba, kulongedza, kutumiza ndi kusunga. Olemba ndi ofesi ya dera lachitsanzo la ulimi wamakono la boma la Renhua, kampani ya ukadaulo waulimi ya ku Shaoguan ndi mgwirizano wa tiyi wa m’tauni ya Hongshan (红山镇).
    * **2025.** Mwa chilengezo cha CNIPA № 654 (December 2025), opanga Renhua Baimao Cha aloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro chapadera cha GI.
* **Dzina:**
    * “Renhua” (仁化) ndi dzina la boma.
    * “Baimao” (白毛, *báimáo*) ndi “ubweya woyera”: masamba a mtundu uwu amakhala ndi ubweya woyera kwambiri.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Mitundu ya tiyi ya ubweya woyera ndi banja lapadera la tiyi kumwera kwa China: m’maboma oyandikana alipo awo, monga wa Lechang ndi wa Rucheng. Renhua adasunga dzina lake lotetezedwa ndi mulingo wa dera pa mtundu wake wa ubweya woyera.

**3. Kufotokozera za Zomera ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mtundu / Cultivar:** Mtundu wa m’deralo wobzalidwa ndi mbewu (有性系): mtengo waung’ono (小[乔木](https://thetea.app/ny/article/qiaomuguanmu)型), tsamba lalikulu (大叶类), kumera msanga (早生种), diploid (二倍体). Masamba ake ndi akuluakulu ndi okhuthala, okutidwa ndi ubweya woyera kwambiri.
* **Kututa:** Mtundu umamera msanga. Malinga ndi zolemba, tiyi wabwino kwambiri ndi “tiyi wa Qingming” (清明茶), kutanthauza masamba omwe adatutidwa pafupi ndi chikondwerero cha Qingming; nthawi zina sizinapezeke m’mabuku.
* **Muyezo wa kututa:** Sunapezeke m’mabuku omwe tawapeza.
* **Zofunikira pa zopangira:** Kusankha mtundu kumakhazikitsidwa ndi mulingo wa dera.

**4. Malo ndi Zochitika za Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Kumpoto kwa Guangdong, kumwera kwa mapiri a Nanling, kumalire ndi Hunan ndi Jiangxi. M’bomali muli Danxiashan (丹霞山), mapiri a mchenga wofiira pomwe akatswiri a geology adayambitsa kufotokoza mtundu wa malo otchedwa Danxia.
* **Kutalika kwa malo:** Palibe deta m’mabuku omwe tawapeza.
* **Dothi:** Palibe deta m’mabuku omwe tawapeza.
* **Nyengo:** Mikhalidwe ya chilengedwe imafotokozedwa ndi mulingo wa dera, koma malemba ake sanapezeke poyera; palibe deta ya nyengo m’mabuku omwe tawapeza.

**5. Njira Yopangira:**

Njira yopangira magulu onse awiri imakhazikitsidwa ndi mulingo wa dera DB4402/T 10—2021, koma malemba ake sanapezeke poyera. Pansipa pali ndondomeko yodziwika bwino ya maguluwa, osati kufotokoza njira ya m’deralo:

* **Tiyi wofiira:** kufota pang’ono (萎凋, *wěidiāo*), kupotoza (揉捻, *róuniǎn*), kupesa (发酵, *fājiào*), kuumitsa (干燥, *gānzào*).
* **Tiyi wobiriwira:** kuyala masamba (摊放, *tānfàng*), kuletsa okosijeni (杀青, *shāqīng*), kupotoza (揉捻, *róuniǎn*), kuumitsa (干燥, *gānzào*).

Sikudziwika m’mabuku omwe tawapeza ngati njira ya m’deralo imasiyana bwanji ndi ndondomeko yodziwika bwino.

**6. Makhalidwe a Kumva:**

Kufotokozera kwakukulu kwa tiyiyu malinga ndi zolemba:

* **Maonekedwe a masamba owuma:** Masamba akuluakulu okhuthala, okutidwa ndi ubweya woyera kwambiri (芽粗大肥壮，茸毛银白密布).
* **Funho la masamba owuma:** Palibe kufotokozera kwapadera.
* **Funho la madzi:** Wosakhwima, “ngati maluwa a orchid” (香气清幽如兰).
* **Kukoma:** Kununkhira, kutsitsimuka, kutsekemera ndi kufewa (滋味香爽甘醇).
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Wowala ndi wonyezimira (汤色清澈明亮).
* **Masamba otayidwa (pambuyo kupanga):** Palibe kufotokozera kwapadera.

Mwachidule, tiyiyu amafotokozedwa ndi zizindikiro zinayi: masamba akuluakulu, ubweya wochuluka, kukoma kotsekemera kofewa, funho la orchid.

Zolemba zomwezo zimasiyanitsa mwachidule maguluwa. Wobiriwira ndi tsamba lolimba la mtundu wobiriwira kwambiri lokhala ndi ubweya wooneka bwino, funho latsopano lolemera, madzi owala obiriwira, kukoma kwatsopano ndi kutsalira kotsekemera. Wofiira ndi masamba opotozedwa molimba okhala ndi ubweya wooneka bwino, mtundu wofiira wonyezimira, funho lolemera lokhala ndi kamvekedwe ka maluwa, madzi ofiira owala, kukoma kodzaza, masamba ofiira ofewa ndi osalala.

**7. Kapangidwe ka Magulu a Mankhwala:**

Zofunikira pa ubwino zimakhazikitsidwa ndi mulingo, koma manambala ake sanapezeke poyera. Mawebusaiti a zolemba amapereka deta zomwe sizigwirizana: malinga ndi imodzi, National Tea Research Institute ya chigawo adapeza ma polyphenols osachepera 23% mu wobiriwira ndi osachepera 13% mu wofiira, amino acid 1.98%, zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi zoposa 38%; malinga ndi ina, bungwe lomwelo mu 1996 adapeza pafupifupi 38.7% ya polyphenols, 3.68% ya amino acid ndi 4.66% ya caffeine m’mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya m’deralo. Njira ndi zitsanzo sizinafotokozedwe.

**8. Ubwino wa Zaumoyo:**

Palibe deta yotsimikizika yokhudza zotsatira za tiyiyu.

**9. Kupanga Tiyi:**

Mchitidwe wa gulu. Palibe malangizo apadera; magawo amadalira gulu.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** wobiriwira, 80–85 °C; wofiira, 90–95 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3–4 g pa 150 ml.
* **Zida:** kapu ya galasi ya wobiriwira, kuti muone masamba okhala ndi ubweya; gaiwan ya wofiira.
* **Njira:**
    1. Tenthetsa zida.
    2. Ikani tiyi.
    3. Wobiriwira, thirani madzi pang’ono ndikusiya masamba atseguke; wofiira, nyowetsani masamba mwachidule.
    4. Kupanga koyamba: wobiriwira, mphindi 1–2; wofiira mu gaiwan, masekondi 20–30.
    5. Thirani.
    6. Bwerezani ndikuwonjezera nthawi.

**10. Kusunga:**

Mchitidwe wa gulu. Wobiriwira, mumaloko otsekedwa m’firiji pa 0–5 °C. Wofiira, mumaloko olimba pamalo owuma, ozizira ndi amdima. Zonse ziwiri popanda funho lina.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zachinyengo:**

Palibe deta yamitengo m’mabuku omwe tawapeza.

* **Momwe mungapewere zachinyengo:**
    * Yang’anani chizindikiro chapadera cha GI pa paketi.
    * Onetsetsani kuti wopanga ndi wa m’boma la Renhua.
    * Mawu akuti “白毛” satanthauza kuti ndi wa ku Renhua: tiyi wa ubweya woyera alipo ku Lechang, Rucheng ndi m’maboma ena.
    * Masamba ndi akuluakulu, okhuthala, okutidwa ndi ubweya wochuluka.

**12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:**

* Dzina lakale la tiyiyu ndi 白茅茶: kumamveka mofanana, koma m’malo mwa “ubweya” muli “udzu”.
* Kuchokera ku mtundu umodzi womwewo amapanga tiyi wofiira komanso wobiriwira.
* Pa miyala yofiira ya Danxiashan m’boma la Renhua, akatswiri a geology adayambitsa kufotokoza mtundu wa malo otchedwa Danxia.
* Mtunduwu ndi wa mitundu yomwe imamera msanga.

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wina:**

* **Renhua Yinhao ([仁化银毫](https://thetea.app/ny/article/renhua-yin-hao)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa m’boma lomwelo, wofotokozedwa m’nkhani yapadera; Renhua Baimao Cha ndi dzina lotetezedwa lomwe limaphatikizapo tiyi wofiira ndi wobiriwira.
* **Lechang Baimaocha ([乐昌白毛茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/lechang-bai-maocha)):** Mtundu wa ubweya woyera wa m’boma loyandikana nalo m’boma lomwelo la Shaoguan.
* **Rucheng Baimaocha ([汝城白毛茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/rucheng-baimaocha)):** Mtundu wa ubweya woyera wa m’boma la Rucheng m’chigawo cha Hunan, moyandikana ndi Renhua kumpoto.
* **Yingde Hongcha ([英德红茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/yingde-hongcha)):** Tiyi wina wofiira wa Guangdong, wochokera ku Yingde; Renhua ndi wofiira wochokera ku mtundu wa m’deralo wa ubweya woyera.

**Pomaliza:**

Renhua Baimao Cha ndi tiyi wa mtundu wa zomera, osati wa njira yopangira: masamba akuluakulu okutidwa ndi ubweya woyera kwambiri amapanga tiyi wofiira komanso wobiriwira wokhala ndi funho la orchid ndi kukoma kotsekemera kofewa. Boma la Danxiashan lidasunga dzina lotetezedwa ndi mulingo wa dera; njira ndi manambala a mulingowo sanafotokozedwe m’mabuku omwe alipo poyera.