---
title: "Qīshè chá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/qishe-cha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Qīshè chá (七舍茶)

**Qishe Chá** (*Qīshè chá*, 七舍茶) ndi tiyi wa kumapiri wa m’tauni ya Qishe (七舍镇) ndi madera ena atatu kum’mwera chakumadzulo kwa chigawo cha m’tauni ya Xingyi (兴义市) m’chigawo chodzilamulira cha Qianxinan Buyi ndi Miao, m’chigawo cha Guizhou. Dzinalo silinene za gulu, koma zofunika pa mankhwala otetezedwa zimalongosola njira ya tiyi wobiriwira, opanda makutidwe ndi okosijeni kapena kukazinga pang’onopang’ono. Minda malinga ndi chikalatacho ili pamwamba pa 1500–2100 m. M’mudzi wa Geshang (革上村) muli gulu la mitengo yakale ya tiyi yomwe bungwe la chigawo la tiyi linayika m’gulu la mitundu yakutchire ya dachangcha (大厂茶). Kuyambira Disembala 2017, Qishe Chá amatetezedwa ngati mankhwala okhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Chilengezo cha chitetezo sichitchula gulu. Chigamulochi chachokera ku dongosolo la njira lochokera ku zofunika za mankhwala: 摊青, 杀青, 摊凉, 揉捻, 做形, 干燥. Palibe makutidwe ndi okosijeni, kuphika pang’onopang’ono (闷黄) kapena kugwedera. Nkhani ya 2024 imanenanso kuti masamba a mitengo yakale ya Qishe amapangidwa kukhala tiyi wobiriwira.
* **Gulu:** Tiyi wobiriwira wa kumapiri a kum’mwera chakumadzulo kwa Guizhou; mankhwala okhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo (2017).
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Guizhou (贵州, *Guìzhōu*), chigawo chodzilamulira cha Qianxinan Buyi ndi Miao (黔西南, *Qiánxīnán*), m’tauni ya Xingyi (兴义, *Xīngyì*).
* **Malo otetezedwa:** Malinga ndi chilengezocho, malire a m’tsogolo a magawo anayi a Xingyi: m’tauni za Qishe (七舍镇), Pengzha (捧乍镇), Jingnan (敬南镇) ndi chigawo cha Zhuchangping (猪场坪乡).
* **Malo a geographical coordinates:** M’tauni ya Qishe, pafupifupi 25° kumpoto ndi 104° kummawa, malinga ndi kufotokoza kwakumbukira.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Zolemba.** Kufotokoza kwakumbukira kumanena kuti tiyi wa Qishe watchulidwa mu 《兴义府志》 ndi mu 《滇黔纪游》. Zolemba zenizenizo sindinazione.
    * **1981.** Malinga ndi nkhani ya Guizhou Radio ndi Television ya 2024, mu May 1981, katswiri wa bungwe la chigawo la tiyi anapeza gulu la mitengo yakale ya tiyi ku gulu la Zhichang (纸厂组) la mudzi wa Geshang ndipo anajambula zithunzi.
    * **2012.** Malinga ndi nkhani yomweyo, akatswiri a Guizhou Tea Institute (贵州省茶科所) anayambiranso kufufuza mitengoyi ndipo anayiyika m’gulu la mitundu yakutchire ya dachangcha, yomwe mzati wake wagawanika magawo atatu kapena asanu.
    * **Mphotho.** Malinga ndi kufotokoza kwakumbukira: 2009, mendulo ya golide ya "Tiyi Wotchuka wa China" pa Chikondwerero cha Mayiko a Shanghai cha Chikhalidwe cha Tiyi; 2013, mphotho yoyamba ya mpikisano wachigawo wa "Qiancha Bei" (黔茶杯); 2016, mphotho yapadera (特等奖); mpikisano sunatchulidwe m’kufotokozako.
    * **2017.** Bungwe Lalikulu la Kuyang’anira Ubwino, Kuyesa ndi Kuwunika (AQSIQ) pa chilengezo cha 2017 № 108 lidateteza Qishe Chá ngati mankhwala okhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo. Chilengezocho chinasainidwa pa 8 Disembala 2017; mwa tiyi a Guizhou, mulinso Jiucengshan Chá (九层山茶) ndi Qinglong Lücha ([晴隆绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/qinglong-lucha)).
* **Dzina:** "Qishe" (七舍) ndi dzina la m’tauni, mtima wa malo otetezedwa. Chiyambi cha dzinalo palokha sichinapezeke m’magwero.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Kufotokoza kwakumbukira kumanena kuti tiyi ku Qishe wakhala akulimidwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo m’mbuyomu anali wodziwika bwino; umboni wina, kupatula mabuku awiri pamwambapa, sunaperekedwe.

**3. Kufotokoza kwa Botanical ndi Zida:**

* **Mitundu malinga ndi chikalatacho:** Mitundu ya m’deralo yamaluwa ang’ono ndi apakati (当地中小叶[群体种](https://thetea.app/ny/article/qunti-zhong)), komanso mitundu ya Meizhan (梅占), Baiye 1 (白叶1号), Qiancha 1 (黔茶1号), Qiancha 8 (黔茶8号), Fuding Dabaicha (福鼎大白茶) ndi Longjing 43 (龙井43).
* **Chitsamba cha m’deralo:** Kufotokoza kwakumbukira kumayika chitsamba cha m’deralo cha Qishe ku mtundu wosavuta: ma catechin osavuta mmenemo ndi ochuluka kuposa omwe ali esterified. Iwo amapirira chisanu ndipo, malinga ndi kufotokoza komweko, amakhalabe obiriwira pa −7…−8 °C.
* **Mitengo yakale:** Ku gulu la Zhichang, malinga ndi nkhani ya 2024, kuli pafupifupi mitengo yakale mazana awiri. Pakati pake pali ya zipinda zinayi (四球) ndi yachilendo ya zipinda zisanu, yotchedwa "五室茶", kapena "五球茶". Nkhaniyo imaitcha yakale zaka chikwi, koma imadzichenjeza kuti zaka ndi malo a munda wakale zikuyenera kutsimikiziridwa.
* **Kututa:** Kwa masika, kuyambira pakati pa Marichi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa May; kwa chilimwe, kuyambira kumapeto kwa May mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti.
* **Mulingo wa kututa:** M’masika, mphukira imodzi yokha, mphukira ndi tsamba limodzi lomwe likungotuluka, mphukira ndi masamba awiri omwe akungotuluka. M’chilimwe, pamwambapa pa zimenezi pamawonjezeredwa mphukira ndi masamba atatu omwe akungotuluka.
* **Zofunika pa kubzala:** Kubzala ndi nthambi, kuchuluka kwa 45–50 chikwi cha zomera pa hekitala.

**4. Terroir ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:**

* **Kutalika kwa kulima:** **1500–2100 m**, malinga ndi zofunika za mankhwala. Kufotokoza kwakumbukira kumapereka kutalika kwapakati kwa m’tauni ya Qishe 1880 m ndi malo apamwamba kwambiri 2207,5 m. Nkhani ya 2024 imatchula munda wakale pa phiri la Bailongshan (白龙山) pamwamba pa 2200 m.
* **Dothi:** Dothi lachikasu kapena lachikasu-lofiirira (黄壤、黄棕壤); pH 4,5–6,5; zinthu za organic zosachepera 1,0 %; makulidwe a dothi osachepera 40 cm, zonse malinga ndi chikalatacho.
* **Nyengo:** Malinga ndi kufotokoza kwakumbukira, chaka chonse ndi chinyezi komanso chifunga: kutentha kwapakati pachaka 14,5 °C, mvula pafupifupi 1600 mm pachaka, nkhalango zoposa 48 %.
* **Malo a minda:** Malinga ndi kufotokoza kwakumbukira, m’tauni ya Qishe kuli 24,5 chikwi mu ya minda ya tiyi, m’chigawo chonse cha Xingyi, 79 chikwi mu. Chaka chomwe ziwerengerozi zikugwirizana nacho sichinatchulidwe.

**5. Njira ya Kupanga:**

Zofunika za mankhwala zimapereka njira yokhala ndi magawo, ndipo imeneyi ndi kufotokoza kwa Qishe Chá, osati dongosolo lojambulidwa la gulu.

1.  **Kuyala masamba atsopano (摊青, *tānqīng*):** Wosanjikiza wa 1–5 cm, maola 5–10.
2.  **Kukonza (杀青, *shāqīng*):** 180–200 °C, mphindi 2–6. Kukonzako kumatengedwa ngati kwakwanira pamene mtundu wa tsamba umasintha kuchokera ku wobiriwira watsopano kupita ku wobiriwira woderapo, tsamba limakhala lofewa ndipo fungo loyera limatuluka.
3.  **Kuzizira (摊凉, *tānliáng*):** Wosanjikiza wa 2–3 cm, mphindi 10–20.
4.  **Kukanda (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Mphindi 12–25.
5.  **Kupanga mawonekedwe (做形, *zuòxíng*):** Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ofunidwa, tiyi wophwathika, wowongoka wa "maofeng" ([毛峰](https://thetea.app/ny/article/maofengcha), *máofēng*) kapena wopindika.
6.  **Kuyanika (干燥, *gānzào*):** Kawiri kapena katatu, mpaka chinyezi chosaposa 7,0 %.

**6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:**

Kufotokoza kumene kuli pansipa kwachokera ku zofunika za mankhwala otetezedwa.

* **Maonekedwe a tsamba louma:** "Tsinga" zolimba, zofanana, zokhala ndi tsitsi lowoneka bwino (条索紧实、匀整，显毫); mtundu ndi wobiriwira-bulauni (褐绿), wachilendo kwa tiyi wobiriwira.
* **Fungo la tsamba louma:** Palibe kufotokoza kwapadera; chikalatacho chimati fungo ndi lokhalitsa (香气持久), osatchula ngati la tsamba louma kapena la madzi.
* **Fungo la madzi:** Lokhalitsa (香气持久); m’kamwa, fungo loyera (口感清香).
* **Kukoma:** Kotsekemera, kosangalatsa, kwatsopano ndi kolimbikitsa (滋味甘怡鲜爽).
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Oyera, owonekera bwino ndi owala (汤色清澈明亮).
* **Pansi pa chikho (tsamba lotsalira):** Lobiriwira-lachikasu ndi lofanana (叶底黄绿匀整).

Kufotokoza kwakumbukira kwa tiyi wa chitsamba cha m’deralo kumapereka chithunzi china: madzi ndi olemera ndi owala, kukoma ndi koyera ndi kogwirizana, ndi kuwawa pang’ono; amatchulanso fungo la caramel.

**7. Kuthamanga kwa Makemikolo:**

Zofunika za physicochemical kwa Qishe Chá:

| Chizindikiro | Muyezo |
| :--- | :--- |
| Chinyezi | osaposa 7,0 % |
| Madzi otulutsidwa | osachepera 38,0 % |
| Phulusa lonse | osaposa 6,5 % |
| Fiber yosaphika | osaposa 14,0 % |

Muyezo wa polyphenols palibe m’chikalatacho, ngakhale kuti tiyi ena awiri a Guizhou a m’chilengezo chomwecho ali nawo (osachepera 13,0 %).

**8. Ubwino Wathanzi:**

Palibe deta yotsimikizika yokhudza momwe tiyi ameneuyu amachitira.

**9. Kufunda:**

Mchitidwe wa gulu la tiyi wobiriwira.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3 g pa 150 ml.
* **Zida:** Galasi lagalasi kapena gaiwan yoyera.
* **Njira:**
    1. Tenthetsa zida.
    2. Ikani tiyi ndikutsanulira madzi m’mbali.
    3. Kufunda koyamba pakatha masekondi 40–60.
    4. Imwani, kusiya gawo la madzi.
    5. Onjezerani madzi.
    6. Kubwereza kawiri kapena katatu.

**10. Kusunga:**

Mchitidwe wa gulu. M’paketi yotsekedwa bwino, mufiriji pa 0–5 °C, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo. Ndi bwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka chimodzi.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zachinyengo:**

Palibe deta yamtengo m’magwero omwe apezeka.

* **Momwe mungapewere zachinyengo:**
    * Fufuzani chizindikiro chapadera cha mankhwala okhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo. Malinga ndi chilengezo cha 2017, wopanga amapereka pempho lotha kugwiritsa ntchito ku ofesi yoyang’anira msika ya m’tauni ya Xingyi.
    * Onetsetsani kuti tiyi wapangidwa ku m’tauni za Qishe, Pengzha, Jingnan kapena m’chigawo cha Zhuchangping.
    * Tsamba, lolimba, lokhala ndi tsitsi, lobiriwira-bulauni; madzi, owonekera bwino ndi owala.

**12. Zochititsa chidwi:**

* Pansi pa dzina limodzi lotetezedwa, chikalatacho chimalola mitundu itatu ya tsamba.
* Mu gulu limodzi la mitengo yakale ya Geshang muli mitengo ya zipinda zinayi komanso yachilendo ya zipinda zisanu.

**13. Kufanizira ndi tiyi ena a Guizhou:**

* **Qinglong Lücha (晴隆绿茶):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa chigawo chodzilamulira chomwecho, wotetezedwa ndi chilengezo chomwecho. Minda ndi yotsika, 1100–1700 m; mu njira muli kutenthetsa kwapadera kwa fungo (提香, *tíxiāng*), ndipo mu miyezo, polyphenols osachepera 13,0 %.
* **Jiuceng Shan Lü Cha ([九层山绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/jiuceng-shan-lucha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa dera lapadera la Liuzhi la mzinda wa Liupanshui; chilengezo chomwecho chidateteza dzina lakuti 九层山茶. Kutalika malinga ndi chikalatacho, 1000–1500 m.
* **Pu'an Siqiu Cha ([普安四球茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/pu-an-siqiu-cha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa chigawo cha Pu'an cha chigawo chodzilamulira chomwecho, wopangidwa kuchokera ku tsamba la tiyi wa zipinda zinayi; mitengo ya zipinda zinayi ilinso pakati pa mitengo yakale ya Qishe.

**Pomaliza:**

Qishe Chá ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa kumapiri a kum’mwera chakumadzulo kwa Guizhou, wokhala ndi minda pa 1500–2100 m, pomwe pafupi ndi minda yamitundu yabwino pali mitengo yakale ya mitundu yakutchire ya dachangcha. Chikalata cha 2017 chimalongosola mwatsatanetsatane: kututa kuyambira pa mphukira imodzi yokha, kukonza pa 180–200 °C, mitundu itatu, tsamba lobiriwira-bulauni ndi tsitsi, madzi owonekera bwino ndi kukoma kotsekemera kwatsopano. Zaka za mitengo ndi zolemba zakale zimadziwika kokha kudzera m’kufotokoza kwachiwiri.