---
title: "Píngshān chǎoqīng chá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/pingshan-chaoqing-cha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Píngshān chǎoqīng chá (屏山炒青茶)

**Pingshan Chaoqing Cha** (*Píngshān chǎoqīng chá*, 屏山炒青茶) ndi tiyi wobiriwira wokazinga wa m’boma la Pingshan (屏山县) m’chigawo cha mzinda wa Yibin kum’mwera kwa chigawo cha Sichuan. Dzinali limafotokoza njira: 炒青 (*chǎoqīng*) ndi tiyi wobiriwira wokhazikika ndi kuumitsidwa m’poto. Sukulu ya kumaloko imadziwika ndi “moto” (火功): kutentha kochepa ndi kukazinga kwanthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapereka chizindikiro chachikulu cha tiyiyu, fungo lokhazikika la mtedza wa chestnut (栗香). Kuyambira 2009, dzina la “Pingshan Chaoqing” (屏山炒青) ndi chuma chaulimi chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo, ndipo kuyambira 26 December 2011, Pingshan Chaoqing Cha amatetezedwanso ngati chuma chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo.

**1. Magulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*) wokhazikika m’poto. Zofunikira za chizindikiro zimafotokoza mitundu iwiri, tiyi wopota (条形茶) ndi tiyi wophwanyika (扁形茶).
* **Gulu:** Chuma chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo (2011); kuyambira 2009, ndi chizindikiro chaulimi. Palinso chizindikiro cha malonda chotsimikizira: malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito adasindikizidwa 13 June 2017, tsiku lolembetsa silinapezeke m’magwero omwe adapezeka.
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Sichuan (四川, *Sìchuān*), chigawo cha mzinda wa Yibin (宜宾, *Yíbīn*), boma la Pingshan (屏山, *Píngshān*).
* **Dera lotetezedwa:** Zofunikira za chizindikiro chaulimi (2009) zimatchula matauni 16 ndi midzi ya m’boma la Pingshan, Jinping, Dacheng, Longhua, Zhongdu, Xinshi, Xin’an, Fuyan, Furong, Xiaxi, Pingbian, Qingping, Xinfa, Taiping, Longxi, Loudong ndi Yachi, ndi midzi yachilengedwe 186 m’madera amenewo. Mmene derali linafotokozedwera m’chilengezo cha 2011, sizinatheke kuzitsimikizira.
* **Zogwirizana za malo:** Pafupifupi 28.7° kumpoto ndi 104.2° kum’mawa.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Nthawi zakale.** Kufotokoza kodziwika kochokera ku “Huayang guozhi” (华阳国志) kumanena kuti kale mu 134 anthu a kumaloko ankagwiritsa ntchito tiyi wa kuthengo, ndipo mu nthawi ya Mafumu Atatu Pingshan ankapanga tiyi. Mawu a zofalitsa za 2026 ndi “chiyambi nthawi ya Qin isanakwane, kukwera mu nthawi ya Song”.
    * **Ming ndi Qing.** Zofunikira za chizindikiro chaulimi zimagwira mawu kuchokera ku “Mahu fuzhi” (《马湖府志》) ya nthawi ya Jiajing: “boma la Pingyi limapanga tiyi” (Pingyi ndi Mahu ndi mayina akale a Pingshan). Kufotokoza kowonjezera kuti pofika nthawi ya Ming njira ya chaoqing inali itakhazikika ndipo ku Sichuan ankayamba kunena za “tiyi wa mapiri atatu”, Emei, Mengding ndi Pingshan, ndipo mu nthawi ya Daoguang mkulu Long Ruitu (龙瑞图) anatumiza tiyi ku nyumba yachifumu ndipo unakhala tiyi wachifumu. Magwero oyambirira a nkhani ziwiri izi sakutchulidwa mu kufotokozako, ndi mwambo wa kumaloko.
    * **Zaka za m’ma 1900.** Malinga ndi zofunikira za chizindikiro, “tiyi wa Pingshan” adadziwika ngati wodziwika wa kumaloko mu kusindikiza koyamba kwa dikishonale ya “Cihai” (辞海), ndipo kuyambira 1984 tiyiyu adalandira dzina la tiyi wobiriwira wabwino wa chigawo ka 12 motsatizana. Kufotokoza kowonjezera kuti mu zaka za m’ma 1960 kupanga kochuluka kudasinthidwa kukhala makina, ndipo mitundu yapamwamba inkapangidwa ndi manja.
    * **2009.** Pa 14 July Unduna wa Zaulimi mwa chilengezo nambala 1236 (monga momwe adalembera tsamba la mafakitale) udalembetsa “Pingshan Chaoqing” ngati chuma chaulimi chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo.
    * **2011.** Pa 26 December Bungwe Lalikulu Loyang’anira Ubwino, Kuyesa ndi Quarantine mwa chilengezo nambala 196 lidateteza tiyiyu ngati chuma chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo.
    * **2021.** Pa 19 November teknoloji ya “屏山炒青” idalowetsedwa m’ndandanda wachisanu ndi chimodzi wa cholowa chosagwirika cha chigawo cha mzinda wa Yibin. Gwero lina limati ndi cholowa cha chigawo chonse; izi sizinatheke kuzitsimikizira.
    * **2024.** Chigawo cha mzinda wa Yibin chidasindikiza muyezo wa kumaloko DB5115/T 60—2024 “Zofunikira za ubwino wa chuma chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo: Pingshan Chaoqing Cha”, wogwira ntchito kuyambira 12 April 2024.
* **Brand:** Mu mndandanda wa mtengo wa ma brand a zigawo okhala ndi zizindikiro za malo, malo 93 mu 2022; mu 2026 dzinali lidalowa m’ndandanda wa ma brand 136 okhala ndi mtengo wochokera ku 3 biliyoni yuan.

**3. Kufotokozera kwa Zomera ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mitundu / Mitundu yolimidwa:** Zofunikira za chizindikiro (2011) zimalola mitundu ya kumaloko ndi mitundu yoyenera tiyiyu. Zofunikira za chizindikiro chaulimi (2009) zimatchula mitundu yayikulu yokhala ndi tsitsi lalitali (多毫型) “Zaobaiijian No. 5” (早[白尖](https://thetea.app/ny/article/bai-jian)五号) ndi “Fuxuan No. 9” (福选九号).
* **Kubzala** (malinga ndi zofunikira za chizindikiro): Kudula nthambi m’dzinja, osaposa zitsamba 45,000 pa hekitala, manyowa achilengedwe osachepera 2.5 t pa hekitala pachaka.
* **Muyezo wothyola:** Kwa tiyi wopota, kuchokera ku mphukira imodzi mpaka mphukira ndi masamba awiri; kwa tiyi wophwanyika, kuchokera ku mphukira imodzi mpaka mphukira ndi tsamba limodzi lomwe likungotuluka.
* **Nthawi yothyola:** Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa February mpaka kumapeto kwa April, malinga ndi zofunikira za chizindikiro. Zofunikira za 2009 ndi kufotokoza kwa mwambo wamanja (2024) zimati kuthyola kwabwino kumachitika Guyu (21 April) asanafike ndipo zopangira ndi “mphukira ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu”; boma likuwonjezera kuti amathyola ndi “dzanja lokweza” (提手采).

**4. Malo ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Kum’mwera kwa Sichuan, mapiri a Xiaoliangshan ndi mapiri a Wuzhishan (1350 m) ndi Laojunshan (2009 m), “nsonga yoyamba ya kum’mwera kwa Sichuan”.
* **Kutalika kwa kulima:** Malinga ndi zofunikira za chizindikiro, mapiri osachepera 500 m. Mafotokozedwe amasiyana: dera la tiyi pa 600–1000 m, minda pa 800–1050 m, tiyi m’boma lonse kuyambira 300 mpaka 1500 m.
* **Nyengo:** Ya subtropical yonyowa ya monsoon; mafotokozedwe amanena za “nyengo yoyimirira”: dzinja lotentha, chirimwe chozizira, chifunga, dzuwa lochepa ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa usiku ndi usana.
* **Nthaka:** Malinga ndi zofunikira za chizindikiro, nthaka yachikasu (黄壤) yokhala ndi pH 4.5–6.5, organic osachepera 2 %, wosanjikiza osachepera 50 cm. Zofalitsa zimabwereza mawu a za “nthaka zamapiri zolemera ndi selenium pamwamba pa 800 m”; nyuzipepala yamabizinesi (2023) imalemba za 240 km² ya nthaka yolemera ndi selenium, ndi 700 km², yokwanira selenium. Kusanthula kwa tiyi wokha pa selenium sikunapezeke m’magwero omwe adapezeka.
* **Kukula kwa minda:** Zambiri zotsimikizika za kukula konse sikunapezeke m’magwero omwe adapezeka. Nyuzipepala yamabizinesi (2023) imatchula 120.5 thousand *mu* ya minda ya tiyi yotsimikizika ngati malo opangira zinthu “zobiriwira”, ndi mafakitale a tiyi 15 okhala ndi mphamvu zochokera ku 300 t.

**5. Teknoloji Yopanga:**

Zofunikira za chizindikiro (2011) zimakhazikitsa njira ziwiri.

* **Tiyi wopota:** tsamba latsopano → kuzizira → kukhazikika (杀青, *shāqīng*) → kuzizira → kupota (揉捻, *róuniǎn*) → kuswa mivundikira → kuumitsa koyamba (毛火, *máohuǒ*) → kuzizira → kuumitsa kwathunthu (足火, *zúhuǒ*) → kuzizira → kukonza m’poto (辉锅, *huīguō*) → kuzizira.
* **Tiyi wophwanyika:** tsamba latsopano → kuzizira → kukhazikika → kuzizira → kupanga koyamba → kuzizira → kupanga kwachiwiri → kuzizira → kukonza m’poto → kuzizira.

| Ntchito | Magawo malinga ndi zofunikira za chizindikiro |
| :--- | :--- |
| Kukhazikika | Poto 240–260 °C, mphindi 4–5; wopota, mpaka tsamba lakhala lobiriwira kwambiri, tsinde limapindika koma silithyoka, tsamba limamatira pang’ono |
| Kupota | Mphindi 15–20, mpaka zipota zoyamba, zoterera pokhudza |
| Kuumitsa koyamba | 120–150 °C, mpaka zipota zikhale zobiriwira kwambiri ndi zobaya |
| Kuumitsa kwathunthu | 90–110 °C, mphindi 50–60 |
| Kukonza, wopota | Poto 80–90 °C, mphindi 50–60, mpaka kunyezimira koyera kobiriwira kwamafuta, chinyezi pansi pa 6 % |
| Kukonza, wophwanyika | Poto 100–120 °C, mphindi 20–25, chinyezi pansi pa 6 % |
| Kupanga wophwanyika | 140–160 °C, mphindi 10–15; pambuyo pa koyamba, osachepera 70 % ya masamba ophwanyika, pambuyo pa kwachiwiri, osachepera 98 % |

Mwambo wamanja, monga momwe boma likufotokozera (2024), umakhala ndi ntchito 14: kukhazikika katatu ndi kuchepetsa kutentha (koyamba pafupifupi 300 °C), kupota katatu, kuumitsa ndi kupumula kwa maola angapo, ndi kukonza pa 60–70 °C kwa mphindi 90–120, ndipo pamapeto pake, mphindi zisanu za moto wamphamvu “kuti fungo likhale”. Njira zimasinthidwa malinga ndi zopangira, “yang’ana tiyi, panga tiyi” (看茶做茶).

**6. Makhalidwe a Kumva:**

Malinga ndi zofunikira za chizindikiro kwa tiyi wopota:

* **Maonekedwe a tsamba louma:** Zipota zolimba zokhala ndi nsonga zowoneka (显锋苗), zobiriwira ndi zonyezimira (绿润).
* **Fungo la tsamba louma:** Palibe kufotokozera kwapadera; kuumitsa kwathunthu, malinga ndi zofunikira, kumachitika mpaka “fungo lodziwika la tiyi”.
* **Fungo la madzi:** Lokhazikika la chestnut (栗香持久).
* **Kukoma:** Kofewa ndi kwatsopano (醇爽). Kuwunika kwa akatswiri, komwe kumatchulidwa m’mafotokozedwe, ndi “kwatsopano, kofewa, ndi kubwerera kotsekemera, kumapirira zotsukira zambiri”.
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Woyera ndi wowala (清澈明亮); kuwunika kwa akatswiri, wachikasu wobiriwira ndi wowala.
* **Pansi pa tiyi (tsamba lophikidwa):** Lofewa, lofanana, limatseguka ngati “duwa”, lobiriwira ndi lowala (嫩匀成朵，绿亮).

Tiyi wophwanyika ndi wophwanyika ndi wowongoka, wobiriwira ndi wonyezimira, ndi fungo lomwelo lokhazikika la chestnut; tsamba lophikidwa lake ndi lachikasu chofewa ndi lowala (嫩黄明亮).

**7. Zomwe Zili M’mankhwala:**

Zofunikira za chizindikiro:

| Chizindikiro | Muyezo |
| :--- | :--- |
| Fiber yaiwisi | osaposa 16 % |
| Zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi | osachepera 36 % |
| Chinyezi pambuyo pa kukonza | pansi pa 6 % |

Zofunikira za chizindikiro chaulimi (2009) zimapereka kwa tiyi wokha: ma polyphenol a tiyi 25.0–31.5 %, ma amino acid 2.7–3.4 %, zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi 40.5–47.1 %, “kuposa 41 %, pomwe kwa chaoqing wamba pafupifupi 30 %”. Izi ndi kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro, popanda njira ndi zitsanzo.

**8. Zopindulitsa:**

Palibe zambiri zotsimikizika za zochita za tiyiyu weniweni.

**9. Kutsuka:**

Njira yamagulu a tiyi wobiriwira; magawo ake enieni a tiyiyu sanapezeke m’magwero omwe adapezeka.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 85–90 °C kwa tiyi wopota wa chaoqing; 80–85 °C kwa tiyi wophwanyika wofewa.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3 g pa 150 ml.
* **Zida:** Gaiwan kapena galasi.
* **Njira:** Tenthetsa chida, kutsuka koyamba pakatha masekondi 40–60, kumwa, kusiya gawo la madzi, ndi kuwonjezera katatu kapena kanayi.

**10. Kusunga:**

Njira yamagulu. M’paketi yotseka, m’firiji pa 0–5 °C kapena pamalo ozizira owuma, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo. Ndi bwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zachinyengo:**

Zambiri zotsimikizika za mitengo sizinapezeke m’magwero omwe adapezeka.

* **Momwe mungapewere zachinyengo:**
    * Fufuzani chizindikiro cha malo ndi wopanga wochokera ku boma la Pingshan; malinga ndi lipoti la kumayambiriro kwa 2021, mabizinesi 10 anali ndi ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito chizindikirocho.
    * Tiyi wopota ayenera kukhala woyera wobiriwira ndi wonyezimira ngati mafuta, chizindikiro cha kukonza kwanthawi yayitali m’poto.
    * Chizindikiro chachikulu cha madzi ndi fungo lokhazikika la chestnut.

**12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:**

* Mwambi wa ku Sichuan wa za “tiyi wa mapiri atatu” umayika Pingshan pafupi ndi Emei ndi Mengding, motero mwambo wa kumaloko umanena.
* Kukonza tiyi wopota m’poto kumachitika pa 80–90 °C pafupifupi ola limodzi; mafotokozedwe a kumaloko amagwirizanitsa kamvekedwe ka chestnut ndi “moto wochepa ndi kukazinga kwanthawi yayitali”.
* Malinga ndi zambiri za boma za 2020, mabizinesi okhala ndi ufulu pa chizindikiro adatulutsa zinthu zokhala ndi chizindikiro cha 85.6 million yuan.

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi tiyi wina wa ku Sichuan:**

* **Yibin Zao Cha ([宜宾早茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/yibin-zaocha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira woyamba wa chigawo chomwecho cha Yibin; amayang’ana nthawi yothyola, osati moto.
* **Emei Zhuyeqing ([峨眉竹叶青](https://thetea.app/ny/article/emei-zhuyeqing)):** Tiyi wophwanyika wa phiri la Emei, limodzi mwa “mapiri atatu” a mwambiwu.
* **Mengding Ganlu ([蒙顶甘露](https://thetea.app/ny/article/mengding-gan-lu)):** Tiyi wopota wa phiri la Mengdingshan, lachitatu mwa “mapiri atatu”.
* **Junlian Hongcha ([筠连红茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/junlian-hongcha)):** Tiyi wofiira wa boma la Junlian la chigawo chomwecho cha Yibin.

**Pomaliza:**

Pingshan Chaoqing Cha ndi chochitika chosowa pamene chotetezedwa si malo okha, koma moto: zofunikira za chizindikiro zimafotokoza poto ndi madigiri ndi mphindi, kuchokera ku kukhazikika kotentha mpaka kukonza kwa pafupifupi ola limodzi. Zotsatira ndi tiyi wolimba woyera wobiriwira wokhala ndi fungo la chestnut, kukoma kofewa ndi kupirira kutsuka.