---
title: "Pínglì Nǚwā chá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/pingli-nuwa-cha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Pínglì Nǚwā chá (平利女娲茶)

**Pingli Nüwa Cha** (*Pínglì Nǚwā chá*, 平利女娲茶) — "tiyi ya Nüwa wochokera ku Pingli", tiyi wobiriwira wa m’boma la Pingli (平利县) m’chigawo cha mzinda wa Ankang kum’mwera chakum’mawa kwa chigawo cha Shaanxi, pamphambano ndi Hubei ndi Chongqing. Boma limadzitcha kuti ndi kwawo kwa Nüwa (女娲故里) — mulungu wamkazi wochokera m’nthano za Chitchaina — ndipo linatcha tiyi wawo wonse dzina la mulunguyu. Mkati mwa mtunduwo pali magawo atatu: Nüwa Yinfeng, Nüwa Yunwu ndi Nüwa Maojian. Kuyambira pa 25 December 2010, dzinali ndi chinthu chaulimi chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo, ndipo mu 2025, malinga ndi zomwe boma linanena, linavomerezedwa ngati chinthu cha boma chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Webusayiti ya boma imanena mosapita m’mbali kuti: "平利女娲茶属绿茶". Mu 2011 pansi pa mtundu wamba wonse ankapanga tiyi wofiira ndi wulong (女娲红茶, 女娲乌龙), koma m’mafotokozedwe omwe anapezeka palibe zolembedwa zawo, ndipo kulingalira kuti ndi chinthu chotetezedwa kulibe maziko.
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Shaanxi (陕西, *Shǎnxī*), mzinda wa Ankang (安康, *Ānkāng*), boma la Pingli (平利, *Pínglì*).
* **Malo otetezedwa:** Malinga ndi kufotokoza kwa malowo — 109°00′–109°33′ kum’mawa ndi 31°37′–32°39′ kumpoto, kutalika kuchokera pa 300 mpaka 2717,2 m, midzi 50 m’matauni 11. Malo akutali ali m’matauni a Chang’an, Baxian, Dagui ndi Xinglong. Zolembedwa za kaundula sizinafananitsidwe ndi kufotokozaku.
* **Malo a geographical coordinates:** Pafupifupi 32° kumpoto ndi 109,3° kum’mawa.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Mafumu a Tang ndi Qing.** Malinga ndi webusayiti ya boma, mu nthawi ya Tang Pingli anali m’gulu la madera asanu ndi atatu akuluakulu a tiyi m’dziko, ndipo mu nthawi ya Qianlong tiyi wa kumeneko anakhala tiyi wa msonkho (贡茶). Nkhani ya 2011 pa webusayiti yomweyi imalongosola kuti: kutchuka kunabwera ndi tiyi wa ku Sanliya (三里垭), "ankaperekedwa kwa mfumu, koma ankangopanga pang’ono kwambiri". Magwero oyamba sanatchulidwe.
    * **1949.** Minda 200 *mu* ya tiyi ndi matani 2,5 a tiyi — malinga ndi nkhani pa webusayiti ya boma.
    * **2002–2003.** Nüwa Yinfeng, chinthu cha imodzi mwa makampani a kumeneko, adalandira mendulo ya golide pa chionetsero cha tiyi otchuka a Kumadzulo kwa China (2002) ndi mphoto yoyamba ya mpikisano wa "Zhongcha bei" (中茶杯, 2003).
    * **2010.** Pa 25 December Unduna wa Zaulimi wa China unalembetsa Pingli Nüwa Cha ngati chinthu chaulimi chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo; wopemphayo, malinga ndi nkhani ya webusayiti ya boma, anali bungwe la boma la malonda a tiyi.
    * **2015.** Malinga ndi nkhani ya nyuzipepala ya 2021, dzinali linalandira chizindikiro cha boma cha satifiketi chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo; webusayiti ya boma imatchulanso chizindikiro chotero, popanda nambala kapena tsiku.
    * **2024.** Chigawo chinatulutsa muyezo wa m’deralo DB61/T 1943-2024 "Chizindikiro cha satifiketi chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo: Pingli Nüwa Cha", chogwira ntchito kuyambira 26 January 2025; chidakonzedwa ndi mabungwe a boma. Malemba ake sanapezeke.
    * **2025.** Bungwe la boma la Intellectual Property Administration polengeza № 646 linavomereza zinthu 870 zokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo. Malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la ulimi la boma linanena (December 2025), Pingli Nüwa Cha ali m’gululi. Mndandanda weniweni wa polengezalo sunathe kuufananitsa.
* **Dzina:** 平利 — dzina la boma; 女娲 (*Nǚwā*) — dzina la mulungu wamkazi amene, malinga ndi nthano, adatseka kumwamba ndikuumba anthu.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Mafotokozedwe akumaloko amachokera ku malemba akale — "Huayang guozhi" (华阳国志) ya m’nthawi ya Jin ndi "Lu shi" (路史), pamene akunenedwa kuti Nüwa analamulira pafupi ndi phiri la Zhonghuang; phiri limeneli ku Pingli amalidziwa ngati phiri la Nüwa (女娲山). Uku ndiko kutanthauzira kwa komweko. Webusayiti yofotokoza imanenaso nthano yoti: mu nthawi ya Qianlong mayi wa mkulu wa boma wochokera ku Sanliya pansi pa phiri la Nüwa, poyamikira chifundo cha mfumu, anamupatsa maojiang wopangidwa ndi iye mwini, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo Pingli ankatumiza tiyi ku msonkho chaka chilichonse.

**3. Kufotokoza kwa Botanical ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mitundu / Cultivars:** Mayina a mitundu m’magawo omwe anapezeka palibe. Kufotokoza kwakulongosola kumanena za minda 10,000 *mu* yokhala ndi mitundu yabwino yopanda kugonana (无性系, *wúxìngxì*), popanda chaka.
* **Zopangira malinga ndi magawo** (kufotokoza kwa nyuzipepala ya 2021; kuchokera ku muyezo wotani zofunikirazi zalembedwa, buku silinena, koma magawo atatu omwewo anali mbali zosiyana za mndandanda wa miyezo ya chigawo cha 2014 — onani gawo 5):
    * **Nüwa Yinfeng** ([女娲银峰](https://thetea.app/ny/article/nuwa-yin-feng), *Nǚwā yínfēng*), wapamwamba: masamba amodzi amodzi a kutalika kwa 1,5–2,0 cm — osachepera 90 %.
    * **Nüwa Yunwu** (女娲云雾, *Nǚwā yúnwù*), woyamba: masamba okhala ndi tsamba limodzi lotseguka, tsambalo lalitali kuposa tsambalo — osachepera 90 %.
    * **Nüwa Maojian** (女娲[毛尖](https://thetea.app/ny/article/mao-jian), *Nǚwā máojiān*), wachiwiri: masamba okhala ndi tsamba limodzi lotseguka — osachepera 80 %, masamba okhala ndi tsamba lotseguka — 15 %.
* **Nthawi yokolola:** Masiku enieni m’magawo omwe anapezeka palibe.

**4. Terroir ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Mapiri a kum’mwera chakum’mawa kwa Shaanxi pamphambano ndi Hubei ndi Chongqing; dera lalikulu m’mafotokozedwe ndi phiri la Nüwa (女娲山) lomwe limakutidwa ndi nkhungu.
* **Kutalika:** Kutalika kwa minda yokha m’magawo omwe anapezeka sikunatchulidwe; malo otetezedwa ali pa 300–2717,2 m.
* **Nyengo:** Mafotokozedwe amanena za mapiri okhala m’mitambo ndi nkhungu; palibe ziwerengero.
* **Selenium ndi zinki:** Chizindikiro chachikulu cha terroir m’magawo onse. Kwa selenium mu tiyi amanena 0,52–3,52 ppm. Portal ya makampani imanena kuti izi ndi zoposa muyeso wa "tiyi wolemera ndi selenium", womwe amatcha kuti wa boma (0,25–4,0 ppm), koma simatchula chikalata. Pameneponso akunenedwa kuti minda ya selenium ilinso m’maboma oyandikana ndi Ankang — Ziyang, Zhenping, Langao, Hanbin.
* **Malo a minda:** Ziwerengero zimasiyana ngakhale kwa chaka chimodzi: pa 2010 nkhani ya webusayiti ya boma imanena 130,000 *mu* ndi matani 3100, pamene kufotokoza kwakulongosola kumanena 150,000 *mu* ndi matani 2700; zomwezo 150,000 *mu* ndi matani 2700, popanda chaka, zili m’kufotokoza kwa malo. Mu 2016 webusayiti ya boma inatchula 180,000 *mu* ndi matani 8000 pachaka.

**5. Tekinoloje ya Kupanga:**

Malamulo aukadaulo a chizindikirocho m’magawo omwe anapezeka palibe. Khadi la chinthu cha imodzi mwa zinthu za mtunduwo — Nüwa Yinfeng — pa portal ya zokopa alendo (2013) limanena ndondomeko: kuthyola (采摘, *cǎizhāi*) → kuyala tsamba latsopano (摊青, *tānqīng*) → kuyika (杀青, *shāqīng*) → kuumba (做形, *zuòxíng*) → kuuma (烘干, *hōnggān*) → kusankha (精选, *jīngxuǎn*) → kuyika m’nyumba yosungira. Iyi ndi ndondomeko ya kampani imodzi, yopanda ziwongola dzanja, osati zofunikira za chizindikirocho.

Magawo amatchulanso "Mndandanda wa miyezo ya tiyi wa organic wa Nüwa" (《女娲[有机茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/youji-cha)标准综合体》, DB61/369-2005); malinga ndi nkhani ya webusayiti ya boma, uwu ndi mndandanda wokha wotero m’chigawo. M’nkhokwe ya boma ya miyezo zikuwoneka mbali zake: kuyambira 2005, mwachitsanzo, DB61/T 369.6-2005 "Nüwa chaoqing", ndipo kuyambira October 2014 — mndandanda wa DB61/T 369.1–369.8-2014: kulima, kukonza, magawo atatu a tiyi wobiriwira, chaoqing, "Nüwa hongcha", kukonzanso minda yakale. Tsopano ikugwirabe ntchito mbali yokha ya kulima. Malemba ake sanapezeke.

**6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:**

Kufotokoza kwakukulu — kuchokera m’mapepala a chizindikirocho.

* **Maonekedwe a tsamba louma:** Lolingana, lobiriwira ngati emerald (外形匀齐，色泽翠绿).
* **Kununkhira kwa tsamba louma:** Kufotokoza kwapadera m’magawo omwe anapezeka palibe.
* **Kununkhira kwa tiyi:** Kwakukulu ndi kwautali (香气高长).
* **Kukoma:** Kokwanira ndi kofewa (滋味醇厚); tiyi amapirira kupanga kambiri.
* **Mtundu wa tiyi:** Woyera ndi wowala (汤色清亮).
* **Pansi pa tiyi (tsamba lophikidwa):** Lolingana, lobiriwira lofewa ndi lowala (叶底匀整嫩绿明亮).

Malinga ndi magawo, malinga ndi kufotokoza kwa nyuzipepala ya 2021:

* **Yinfeng:** Singano zowongoka zozungulira (圆直似针) zokhala ndi ubweya wooneka; tiyi wobiriwira wofewa, kukoma kwatsopano, kununkhira koyera ndi kosatha; masamba ophikidwa amatseguka ngati "maluwa".
* **Yunwu:** Tsamba lathyathyathya, lofanana ndi mchira wa nkhanga (扁平似燕尾); kununkhira kofewa kosatha, kukoma kofewa ndi kubwerera kotsekemera (回甘).
* **Maojian:** Zopindika zothinana zopindika pang’ono (紧细微曲); tiyi wachikasu-wobiriwira, kukoma kofewa ndi kubwerera kotsekemera.

**7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:**

Miyeso ya physicochemical m’magawo omwe anapezeka palibe. Selenium — 0,52–3,52 ppm malinga ndi mafotokozedwe a chizindikirocho, popanda njira kapena chitsanzo. Kwa chinthu chimodzi, Nüwa Yinfeng, khadi la chinthu la 2013 limanena:

| Chizindikiro | Mtengo |
| :--- | :--- |
| Selenium | 2,26 ppm |
| Amino acid | 3,86 % |
| Polyphenols a tiyi | 22,1 % |
| Zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi | 44,8 % |

Izi ndi zotsatira za wopanga, osati zofunikira pa tiyi wotetezedwa.

**8. Zopindulitsa:**

Palibe umboni wotsimikizika wa zotsatira za tiyi uyu. Kuchuluka kwa selenium ndi chizindikiro cha kapangidwe, osati zotsatira zotsimikizika.

**9. Kupanga Tiyi:**

Kachitidwe ka kalasi ya tiyi wobiriwira. Kufotokoza kwa nyuzipepala ya 2021 kumaperekanso malangizo ake: madzi otsikitsitsa, pafupifupi 80 °C, osagwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kwambiri.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** Pafupifupi 80 °C; pambuyo pa kutsanulira kawiri, malinga ndi kufotokozera komweku, kungakhale kotentha pang’ono.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 1 g pa 50 ml, ndiko kuti 3 g pa 150 ml, — momwemonso buku lomwelo limalangizira.
* **Ziwiya:** Kapu yagalasi; kwa Maojiang gaiwan ingakhalenso yabwino.
* **Ndondomeko:**
    1. Tenthetsa ziwiya ndi madzi otentha kwambiri.
    2. Njira yapakati (中投法), yomwe kufotokoza kwa nyuzipepala kumalangizira: tsanulira madzi mpaka gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu, ika tiyi, gwedeza kapu, lola tsamba kuti litambasuke ndikuwonjezera mpaka pamwamba.
    3. Imwa mkati mwa mphindi 3–6 — kupitirira apo, malinga ndi kufotokozera komweko, tiyi amataya kutsitsimuka; onjezeranso ndikubwereza.

**10. Kusunga:**

Kachitidwe ka kalasi. M’paketi yotsekedwa, mufiriji pa 0–5 °C, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo; tisanatsegule, lolani paketi kuti itenthe. Ndi bwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka chimodzi.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonamizira:**

Palibe deta yokhazikika ya mitengo m’magawo omwe anapezeka. Chowongolera chokha — khadi la chinthu la 2013: bokosi la Nüwa Yinfeng la 180 g linalembedwa 400 yuan.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonamizira:**
    * Yang’anani chizindikiro cha malo ndi wopanga wochokera ku boma la Pingli.
    * Kumbukirani kuti chinthu chotetezedwa chikufotokozedwa ngati tiyi wobiriwira; tiyi wofiira ndi wulong pansi pa mtundu wa "Nüwa" sali mbali yake, mpaka chikalata chikanena zina.
    * Fananitsani maonekedwe ndi gawo: singano zokhala ndi ubweya — Yinfeng, "mchira wa nkhanga" — Yunwu, zopindika zothinana — Maojian.

**12. Zowonjezera Zosangalatsa:**

* Wolemba nkhani ya 2011 pa webusayiti ya boma, katswiri wa bungwe la tiyi la chigawo, analangiza kutengera chitsanzo cha Anji Baicha cha "zizindikiro za amayi ndi ana": chizindikirocho — chizindikiro chamba, mitundu ya makampani — pansi pake.
* Malinga ndi nkhani yomweyo, chitetezo cha chizindikiro cha malo chinalandiranso jiaogulan wa ku Pingli ([绞股蓝](https://thetea.app/ny/article/jiaogulan)) — mpesa, womwe masamba ake amapangira chakumwa.

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi tiyi ena a Shaanxi:**

* **Nüwa Yinfeng (女娲银峰):** Gawo lapamwamba la ambulera yomweyi — masamba a singano okhala ndi ubweya; m’ndime muli nkhani yapadera yonena za iyo.
* **Ziyang Maojian ([紫阳毛尖](https://thetea.app/ny/article/ziyang-mao-jian)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa boma la Ziyang m’chigawo chomwecho cha Ankang, komwe kulinso minda ya selenium.
* **Hanzhong Xianhao ([汉中仙毫](https://thetea.app/ny/article/hanzhong-xian-hao)):** Mtundu wa ambulera wa tiyi wobiriwira wa chigawo choyandikana cha Hanzhong.
* **Xiangyuan Wuya ([象园雾芽](https://thetea.app/ny/article/xiangyuan-wu-ya)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa boma la Zhen’an m’chigawo cha Shangluo kum’mwera kwa mapiri a Qinling.

**Pomaliza:**

Pingli Nüwa Cha si mtundu kapena tiyi wa m’mudzi, koma dzina limene boma la mapiri linatchula tiyi wawo wonse wobiriwira, kulitenga kuchokera kwa mulungu wamkazi wa m’nthano zawo. Kuseri kwa chikwangwani kuli magawo atatu, kuchokera ku Yinfeng ya singano mpaka Maojian wopindika, tsamba lobiriwira ngati emerald, kununkhira kwakukulu ndi kwautali ndi dothi la selenium lomwe Pingli amagawana ndi oyandikana nawo.