---
title: "Ményú fóyá · Yùluó gāngjí"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/menyu-foya-yuluo-gangji
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Ményú fóyá · Yùluó gāngjí (门隅佛芽·玉罗冈吉)

**Ményú fóyá · Yùluó gāngjí** (门隅佛芽·玉罗冈吉) ndi tiyi wa m'matauni a Mama ndi Lê kum'mwera kwa Tibet Autonomous Region, kum'mwera kwa mapiri a Himalaya. M'makalata olembetsa, dera lino ndi Cuònà County (错那县) m'chigawo cha Shānnán City; mu 2023, kauntiyo idasinthidwa kukhala Cuònà City (错那市). Dzinali ndi lapawiri: gawo loyamba ndi lachi China, lotanthauza "bud ya Buddha ya Ményú", ndipo lachiwiri ndi dzina lachi Tibet lolembedwa m'chi China. Malo otetezedwa ndi midzi itatu pamtunda wapakati pafupifupi 2600 m, mkati mwa nkhalango yowirira. Kuyambira 2014, dzinali lalembedwa ngati chizindikiro cha geographical indication chaulimi. Mtundu wa tiyi m'makalata olembetsa sunatchulidwe ndi liwu, ngakhale zolemba zotsatiridwa za malongosoledwe a chizindikirocho zimapereka njira yopangira tiyi wobiriwira.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Gulu silinatchulidwe ndi liwu m'makalata omwe tapeza. Zolemba zotsatiridwa za malongosoledwe a chizindikiro chaulimi zimapereka njira yopangira: fixation, kukulunga katatu ndi kuwotcha katatu, kuyanika, popanda kufota kapena oxidation, kutanthauza ndondomeko ya tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Tsamba la boma la Shānnán City (2019) limati tiyi wa m'chigwa cha Lèbù "makamaka ndi wobiriwira" (以绿茶为主): mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri, monga akufotokozera, amapangidwa ndi fixation, kukulunga, ndi kuyanika padzuwa, ndipo masamba owuma, madzi, ndi masamba otsala amakhala obiriwira (gawo 5). Njira zonsezi zimayamba ndi fixation, popanda kufota mu iliyonse, motero sagwirizana pa gulu: zonse ndi zobiriwira mwa kapangidwe ndipo zimasiyana pa kuyanika ndi nthawi yotuta. Koma palibe imodzi imakhazikitsa njira yopangira pa dzinali: chigawochi chimalongosola kupanga kwa dera lonse, ndipo tsatanetsatane wa chizindikirocho ndidaziwona pokhapokha m'makalata olembedwa, osati m'magwero oyambirira. Chifukwa chake gulu la tiyiyu lasiyidwa ngati losadziwika.
* **Gulu:** Tiyi wamapiri a ku Tibet; chizindikiro cha geographical indication chaulimi (2014).
* **Chiyambi:** China, Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏, *Xīzàng*), Cuònà (错那, *Cuònà*), matauni a Mama ndi Lê.
* **Malo otetezedwa:** Midzi ya Mama, Lê, ndi Xiàn m'matauni a Mama ndi Lê.
* **Malo ogwirira ntchito:** 91°44′53″–91°48′36″ E ndi 27°48′22″–27°52′25″ N, dera la pafupifupi 6 pa 7.5 km.
* **Mwiniwake:** Cuònà County Agricultural Comprehensive Service Station (西藏错那县农业综合服务站); gulu mu kaundula ndi "tiyi" (茶叶).

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Epic.** Malinga ndi malongosoledwe a dipatimenti ya zaulimi ya Tibet Autonomous Region, epic ya Gesar imatchula "Ményú tiyi Yùluó gāngjí" (门茶玉罗冈吉) pakati pa tiyi atatu otchuka a ku Tibet. Umu ndi umboni wa m'malemba, osati chikalata cha minda yamakono.
    * **1972.** Malinga ndi malongosoledwe olembedwa, mu tawuni ya Lèbù (勒布), ndalama za boma zidamangira fakitale ya tiyi ya "Gāofēng" (高峰茶厂) ndipo adabzala 42.9 mu ya tiyi, zomwe zidayambitsa kulima tiyi kochuluka kwanuko.
    * **2013.** Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April, kauntiyo idayamba kukonzekera pempho; chilengedwe, ubwino, ndi mbiri ya katunduyo zidayang'aniridwa koyamba ndi dipatimenti ya chigawo, kenako ndi akatswiri a Unduna wa Zaulimi.
    * **2014.** Pa 22 May, Unduna wa Zaulimi, mwa chilengezo cha No. 2105, udalembetsa dzinali ngati chizindikiro cha geographical indication chaulimi (nambala AGI01440) ndipo adapatsa kauntiyo satifiketi. Mu September 2026, kaundula wa zizindikiro zaulimi, wosungidwa ndi China Green Food Development Center (中国绿色食品发展中心), ukuperekabe zolemba izi: AGI01440, 2014, mwiniwake ndi Cuònà County Agricultural Comprehensive Service Station, gulu ndi "tiyi" (茶叶).
* **Dzina:**
    * "Ményú" (门隅, *Ményú*), malinga ndi gwero, mu Tibetan ndi "malo okhala a Monpa".
    * "Fóyá" (佛芽, *fóyá*) ndi "bud ya Buddha", "bud yachibuddha".
    * "Yùluó gāngjí" (玉罗冈吉, *Yùluó gāngjí*) ndi dzina lachi Tibet lolembedwa m'chi China; tanthauzo lake silikupezeka m'magwero omwe tapeza.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Kwa Cuònà, uwu ndi tiyi wawo wokhala ndi dzina lochokera ku epic. Palibe zolemba za msika kapena udindo wa tiyi m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku m'magwero omwe tapeza.

**3. Kufotokozera kwa Botanical ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mtundu / Cultivar:** Palibe mtundu wotchulidwa. Malinga ndi malongosoledwe a chizindikiro chaulimi, mwachikhalidwe minda inali yochokera ku mbewu; m'zaka zaposachedwa, mitengo ina yasankhidwa kuchokera mmenemo ndipo imafalitsidwa ndi cuttings, kotero kuti mbali yaikulu ya minda yakhala yochokera ku clone.
* **Kututa:** Malinga ndi malongosoledwe omwewo, pafupifupi nthawi ya chikondwerero cha Qingming (kumayambiriro kwa April).
* **Mlingo wa kututa:** Bud ndi masamba atatu (一芽三叶) kuchokera ku mphukira zazing'ono. Liwu "bud" m'dzinali ndi gawo la dzina lophiphiritsira, osati mlingo wa kututa.
* **Zofunika pa zopangira:** Zochokera ku midzi itatu ya malo otetezedwa. Malongosoledwe a chizindikirocho amafuna njira yopangira organic: popanda mafeteleza amchere ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, pogwiritsa ntchito manyowa am'deralo ndi zinyalala za m'nkhalango, ndi chitetezo chachilengedwe ku tizilombo.

**4. Terroir ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Kum'mwera kwa mapiri a Himalaya kum'mwera kwa Tibet Autonomous Region.
* **Kutalika kwa kulima:** Kutalika kwapakati kwa malowa ndi pafupifupi **2600 m**; malowo, malinga ndi zolemba zotsatiridwa, ali pa kutalika kwa 2400–3800 m, ndipo malongosoledwe a chizindikirocho amafuna kuti minda ikhazikitsidwe pamapiri owala ndi dzuwa osapitirira 2700 m.
* **Nyengo:** Malinga ndi zolemba zotsatiridwa, ndi kusintha kuchokera ku nyengo yonyowa ya subtropical monsoon kupita ku nyengo yofunda yotentha yonyowa pang'ono: kutentha kwapachaka pafupifupi 10 °C, pafupifupi maola 1940 a dzuwa, masiku 186 opanda chisanu, mvula yoposa 1000 mm. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kutalika, nyengo imasintha kwambiri pa mtunda waufupi.
* **Nthaka:** Malinga ndi zolemba zotsatiridwa, ndi nthaka zamapiri zachikasu-zofiirira ndi zofiirira, zopangidwa ndi tinthu tating'ono, zakuya, zodzaza ndi organic matter; malongosoledwe a chizindikirocho amafuna nthaka za acidic zokhala ndi wosanjikiza wakuya.
* **Kukula:** Malinga ndi zolemba zotsatiridwa, mu 2014, m'tawuni ya Lèbù munali 144 mu ya minda yobala zipatso ndipo pafupifupi 340 jin ya high-mountain maofēng (高山[毛峰](https://thetea.app/ny/article/maofengcha)) ndi pafupifupi 15,312 jin ya tiyi wosakanizidwa pachaka; pofika 2015, kubzala kudafalikira kumatauni anayi a m'chigwa cha Lèbù ndipo kudapitirira 1400 mu.
* **Malo ozungulira:** Malinga ndi malongosoledwe a gwero, malowa ali mkati mwa nkhalango yowirira.

**5. Njira Yopanga:**

Zolemba zotsatiridwa za malongosoledwe a chizindikiro chaulimi zimatcha njira yopangira "kukulunga katatu ndi kuwotcha katatu" (三揉三炒, *sān róu sān chǎo*) ndipo zimapereka ndondomeko; sindinawone chikalata choyambirira cha malangizo, ndipo palibe magawo (kutentha, nthawi) m'malemba otsatiridwa.

1.  **Fixation (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Masamba atsopano amakhazikitsidwa ndi kuwulungidwa kuti athetse kutentha ndi tinthu tating'ono.
2.  **Kukulunga koyamba (一揉, *yī róu*):** Kenako kumaswa zotupa.
3.  **Kuwotcha kwachiwiri (二炒, *èr chǎo*):** Kuchotsa chinyezi.
4.  **Kukulunga kwachiwiri (二揉, *èr róu*):** Kachiwiri ndi kuswa zotupa.
5.  **Kuwotcha kwachitatu (三炒, *sān chǎo*):** Kuchotsa chinyezi.
6.  **Kukulunga kwachitatu (三揉, *sān róu*).**
7.  **Kuyanika (焙干, *bèigān*)** ndi kusunga.

Palibe kufota kapena oxidation mu ndondomekoyi; mwa kapangidwe kake ndi njira ya tiyi wobiriwira, koma gulu lenilenilo silinatchulidwe m'makalata.

Malangizo ena a tiyi wa m'deralo a tsamba la boma la Shānnán City (2019): tiyi wa m'chigwa cha Lèbù makamaka ndi wobiriwira ndipo umagawidwa m'magulu atatu: "Cuìjiān", "Cuìlǜ", ndi "Cuìyù" (翠尖、翠绿、翠玉); wapamwamba kwambiri, "Cuìyù", amapangidwa kumapeto kwa May mpaka koyambirira kwa June kuchokera ku nsonga zazing'ono za mphukira mwa fixation, kukulunga, ndi kuyanika padzuwa (杀青、揉捻、太阳自然干燥). Umu ndi malongosoledwe a kupanga kwa dera lonse, osati lamulo la chizindikiro. Zimasiyana ndi ndondomeko yolembedwa pa kuyanika, kuyanika padzuwa m'malo mwa pamoto (焙干), komanso pa nthawi: malongosoledwe a chizindikirocho amakhazikitsa kututa pafupifupi nthawi ya chikondwerero cha Qingming. Kuyanika padzuwa sikukusintha gulu: monga mwa GB/T 14456.1—2017, tiyi wobiriwira amapangidwa ndi fixation, kukulunga, ndi kuyanika, ndipo kuyanika padzuwa kumapereka imodzi mwa mitundu inayi yake: tiyi wobiriwira woyanika padzuwa ([晒青](https://thetea.app/ny/article/shai-qing)绿茶, *shàiqīng lǜchá*).

**6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:**

Malongosoledwe otsatirawa aperekedwa ndi dipatimenti ya zaulimi ya Tibet Autonomous Region.

* **Maonekedwe a masamba owuma:** Zotupira zozungulira zothina, zolemera ndi zofewa, zosalala komanso zonyezimira ngati mafuta.
* **Fungo la masamba owuma:** Palibe malongosoledwe m'magwero omwe tapeza.
* **Fungo la madzi:** Fungo la mapiri, "high-mountain tea" fungo.
* **Kukoma:** Koyera komanso kofewa.
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Palibe malongosoledwe m'magwero omwe tapeza.
* **Masamba otsala (opangidwa):** Palibe malongosoledwe m'magwero omwe tapeza.

**7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:**

Palibe deta yodalirika. Zolemba ziwiri: lipoti la nyuzipepala ya Tibetan la 2014 ndi zolemba zotsatiridwa za malongosoledwe a chizindikirocho, zimapereka magawo a polyphenols, ma amino acid, ndi catechins, koma manambala ake amasiyana, ndipo palibe seti imodzi yomwe ikugwirizana ndi kapangidwe ka tiyiyo: mu imodzi, catechins ndi ochuluka kuposa polyphenols onse omwe amaphatikizidwa, mwa ina, ma amino acid ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a kulemera kowuma. Sindikupereka manambala amenewa.

**8. Ubwino Wothandiza:**

Palibe umboni wotsimikizika wa zotsatira za tiyi wake weniweni.

**9. Kupanga Tiyi:**

Njira ya gulu ili palibe pano: gulu la tiyi silinakhazikitsidwe. Ndondomeko yodziwika bwino ya masamba opotoka mwamphamvu:

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** Yambani ndi 85–90 °C ndikusintha malinga ndi kukoma.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3 g pa 150 ml.
* **Chotengera:** Gaiwan yoyera, imathandiza kuwona momwe kupotoka kumatsegukira ndi mtundu wa madzi.
* **Ndondomeko:**
    1. Tenthetsani chotengeracho.
    2. Ikani tiyi.
    3. Kupanga koyamba: masekondi 30–60.
    4. Tsanulirani ndikulawa.
    5. Ngati madzi ndi amphamvu kwambiri, chepetsani kutentha; ngati alibe, wonjezerani nthawi.
    6. Bwerezani mpaka kukoma kutha.

**10. Kusunga:**

Njira ya gulu ili palibe pano. Malongosoledwe a chizindikirocho amafuna kusunga tiyi wopakidwa pamalo oyera, amdima, owuma, ndi olowera mpweya, otetezedwa ku chinyezi ndi tizilombo. Lamulo lofala la tiyi wa masamba aliwonse ndi chotengera chotsekedwa bwino, chopanda fungo lina; ngati wogulitsa akunena kuti uwu ndi tiyi wobiriwira, sungani mufiriji pa 0–5 °C.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonama:**

Palibe deta ya mitengo m'magwero omwe tapeza.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonama:**
    * Yang'anani chizindikiro cha geographical indication chaulimi.
    * Onetsetsani kuti tiyi akuchokera ku Cuònà, kuchokera ku midzi itatu ya malo otetezedwa.
    * Yang'anani maonekedwe: zotupira zozungulira zothina, zosalala komanso zonyezimira.
    * Funsani wogulitsa gulu la tiyi: makalata sakulitchula, ndipo wogulitsa woona mtima ayenera kudziwa momwe tiyi wapangidwira.

**12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:**

* Dzinali lili ndi magawo awiri, lachi China ndi lachi Tibet, olumikizidwa ndi kadontho pakati.
* Malo otetezedwa ndi ochepa kwambiri: midzi itatu pa dera la pafupifupi 6 pa 7.5 km.
* Epic ya Gesar, malinga ndi malongosoledwe a gwero, imatchula "Ményú tiyi Yùluó gāngjí" pakati pa tiyi atatu otchuka a ku Tibet.
* Kutalika kwapakati kwa malowa ndi pafupifupi 2600 m.

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wina wa ku Tibet:**

* **Mòtuō Lǜ Chá ([墨脱绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/motuo-lucha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa ku Mòtuō County kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Tibet.
* **Yìgòng Hóng Chá ([易贡红茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/yigong-hongcha)):** Tiyi wofiira wa Yìgòng Tea Farm pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Yìgòng.
* **Cháyú Hóng Chá ([察隅红茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/chayu-hongcha)):** Tiyi wofiira wa ku Cháyú County.
* **Línzhī Chūn Lǜ ([林芝春绿](https://thetea.app/ny/article/linzhi-chun-lu)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa ku Línzhī Prefecture.

Mosiyana ndi iwo, gulu la Ményú fóyá · Yùluó gāngjí silinakhazikitsidwe.

**Pomaliza:**

Ményú fóyá · Yùluó gāngjí ndi tiyi wamapiri wawung'ono wa kum'mwera kwa mapiri a Himalaya: midzi itatu, kutalika kwapakati pafupifupi 2600 m, nkhalango yowirira, dzina lapawiri lachi China ndi lachi Tibet, ndi kutchulidwa mu epic ya Gesar. Zolemba zikutsimikizira kulembetsa kwa 2014 ndipo zimalongosola maonekedwe: zotupira zozungulira zothina zonyezimira zokhala ndi fungo la mapiri ndi kukoma koyera, koma sizitchula gulu ndi liwu kapena mtundu. Njira yopangira, "kukulunga katatu ndi kuwotcha katatu", popanda kufota kapena oxidation, monga ndondomeko ya tiyi wobiriwira, ndidaziwona pokhapokha m'malemba otsatiridwa a malongosoledwe a chizindikirocho. Shānnán Prefecture imatchulanso tiyi wa m'deralo kuti makamaka ndi wobiriwira ndipo imalongosola mlingo wake wapamwamba kwambiri ngati tiyi wobiriwira woyanika padzuwa, koma umu ndi malongosoledwe a kupanga kwa dera lonse, osati lamulo la dzinalo. Mpaka malangizo atawerengedwa m'magwero oyambirira, gulu silinakhazikitsidwe pa dzinali.