---
title: "Měnghǎi Mànxīnglóng chá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/menghai-manxinglong-cha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Měnghǎi Mànxīnglóng chá (勐海曼兴龙茶)

**Měnghǎi Mànxīnglóng Chá** (*Měnghǎi Mànxīnglóng chá*, [勐海](https://thetea.app/ny/article/meng-hai)曼兴龙茶) ndi chizindikiro cha geographical cha tiyi wa m'mudzi wa Manxinglong m'chigawo cha Menghai, dera lodzilamulira la Xishuangbanna la a Dai, m'chigawo cha Yunnan. Zolemba zokhudza Bulangshan nthawi zambiri zimalemba dzina la mudziwu monga 曼新龙 (Manxinlong) kapena 曼新竜, ndipo 曼兴龙, malembedwe ochokera ku dzina la chizindikiro, amatchulidwa mwachindunji ngati njira imodzi ya dzina lake. Uwu ndi mudzi wa a Bulang pa Bulangshan, pafupi ndi Lao Banzhang ndi Lao Man'e. Tiyi wake amafotokozedwa ngati wowawa ndi wamphamvu, ndipo ogulitsa amamutcha "Lao Man'e wachiwiri". Kalasi ya malonda siinatchulidwe mu chikalata cha chizindikiro.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Sichinakhazikitsidwe: chikalata cha chizindikiro sichitchula kalasi. Kuchokera ku masamba akulu a Menghai amapanga makamaka sheng pu'er (生普, *shēngpǔ*), komanso tiyi wofiira ndi woyera. Zolemba za tiyi ndi ogulitsa amafotokoza tiyi wa Manxinlong ngati pu'er.
* **Gulu:** Tiyi wa minda yakale ya Bulangshan; chizindikiro cha geographical. Mndandanda suufotokoza mtundu wake, ndipo atolankhani amatcha zizindikiro za m'chigawochi zotsimikizira (证明商标).
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Yunnan (云南, *Yúnnán*), dera lodzilamulira la Xishuangbanna la a Dai (西双版纳, *Xīshuāngbǎnnà*), m'chigawo cha Menghai (勐海县, *Měnghǎi Xiàn*), m'zigawo za Bulangshan ([布朗山](https://thetea.app/ny/article/bu-lang-shan)乡, *Bùlǎngshān xiāng*), komiti yam'mudzi ya Xinlong (新龙).
* **Dzina:** Zofotokozera zamalonda za Bulangshan zimapereka malembedwe anayi a m'mudziwu: 曼新竜, 曼新龙, 曼兴龙 ndi 曼兴竜. Kuti chizindikiro cha "勐海曼兴龙茶" chikukhudza m'mudzi umenewu, ndizotheka, koma sichinatsimikizidwe ndi chikalata.
* **Malo otetezedwa:** Mndandanda umatchula chigawo cha Menghai monga gawo la ulamuliro la mwini chizindikiro; malire azamalamulo a malowa sindinawone.
* **Ma coordinate a geographical:** Palibe ma coordinate enieni m'magwero omwe anapezeka. Chigawo cha Menghai chili pakati pa 21°28′ ndi 22°28′ kumpoto ndi pakati pa 99°56′ ndi 100°41′ kum'mawa; Bulangshan ndi gawo lake lakumwera chakum'mawa.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Bulangshan.** Zofotokozera zimatcha malowa ngati amodzi mwa malo omwe minda yakale yasungidwa kwambiri: pafupifupi maekala 9505 a minda yakale yolimidwa. Minda ya Xinlong ili m'midzi ya Manxinlong ndi Manbie (曼别).
    * **Kusamutsidwa.** Malinga ndi kufotokozera kumodzi, makolo a anthu a ku Manxinlong anabwera ku Bulangshan kuchokera pafupi ndi Jinghong zaka zoposa mazana awiri zapitazo, ndipo minda yomwe ili kuseri kwa m'mudziwu inabzalidwa kumalo katsopano.
    * **Tiyi wowawa.** Malinga ndi zolemba zamalonda, cha m'ma 2011, pakufufuza kowonjezera kwa mitengo yakale ya tiyi ku Xishuangbanna, pafupi ndi Manxinlong anapeza maekala 200 a munda wakale wa mtundu wa 苦茶 (*kǔchá*, "tiyi wowawa").
    * **"Banzhang wamkulu".** Ogulitsa amaphatikiza Lao Banzhang, Xinbanzhang, Lao Man'e, Hekai, Banpen, Zhangjia, Manxinlong ndi oyandikana nawo kukhala "dera la Banzhang lalikulu" (大[班章](https://thetea.app/ny/article/ban-zhang)茶区). Imodzi mwa zolemba imachenjeza: pansi pa chizindikirochi, tiyi wa oyandikana nawo amagulitsidwa pamtengo woyandikira wa Lao Banzhang, ngakhale kuti kukoma kwa ambiri ndi kosiyana kwambiri.
    * **Zizindikiro za Menghai.** Chizindikiro chachikulu cha "勐海茶" chinaperekedwa mu 2012 ndi malo a tiyi a m'chigawocho, chinalembetsedwa mu 2014, ndikuyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu 2016. Mu mndandanda wa zizindikiro za GI za Yunnan kumapeto kwa 2019, pambuyo pake pali zizindikiro khumi ndi zisanu za mapiri ndi midzi; pakati pawo, kupatula "勐海曼兴龙茶", palinso zizindikiro za oyandikana nawo apafupi — "勐海班章茶" ndi "勐海[老曼峨](https://thetea.app/ny/article/lao-man-e)茶". Atolankhani a 2022 amalankhula za zizindikiro khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi za m'chigawochi — ndi chiwerengero chomwecho cha zizindikiro za tiyi za Menghai mu mndandanda, ngati tikuwerengera ndi chachikulu.
* **Dzina:** Malinga ndi zofotokozera, dzina la m'mudziwu ndi lochokera ku chinenero cha a Dai: "man" (曼) amatanthauza "mudzi", "xin" — "mkango", "long" — "wamkulu"; pamodzi — "mudzi wa mkango wamkulu". Ngati dzinali ndi la a Dai, zilembo za Chitchaina zimangopereka kamvekedwe kake — mwina ndichifukwa chake pali kusiyana kwa malembedwe.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Manxinlong ndi mudzi wa anthu a mtundu wa Bulang. Ogulitsa adatcha tiyi wake "Lao Man'e wachiwiri" (老曼娥第二) ndipo amamupatsa mwambi wakuti "kukoma kowawa kukachoka padzatsala fungo, kuwawa kukachoka padzakhala kutsekemera kwa masiku khumi" (涩尽七分香，苦退十日甜).

**3. Kufotokozera kwa Botanical ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mtundu / Cultivar:** Tiyi wa masamba akulu am'deralo; mtundu sunatchulidwe m'magwero omwe anapezeka. Zofotokozera zimasiyanitsa minda ya mtundu wa 苦茶: umenewu uli ndi masamba ndi masamba owawa, koma ndi kutsekemera pambuyo pake.
* **Zaka za mitengo:** Malinga ndi zofotokozera, mitengo yakale ya ku Manxinlong ili ndi zaka zoposa 200. Kufotokozera kumodzi kumapereka miyeso yake: m'mimba mwa tsinde pansi ndi 0.2–0.6 m, kutalika pafupifupi 3 m.
* **Kututa:** Nthawi sizinatchulidwe m'magwero omwe anapezeka.
* **Mulingo wa kututa:** Suchinatchulidwe m'magwero omwe anapezeka.
* **Zofunikira pa zopangira:** Sindinawone zofunikira za chizindikiro.

**4. Terroir ndi Zomwe Zimasiyanitsa Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Bulangshan ndi malo akulu kumwera chakum'mawa kwa chigawo cha Menghai pafupi ndi malire ndi Myanmar; Manxinlong, malinga ndi zofotokozera, ali pafupi ndi Lao Banzhang komanso makamaka Lao Man'e.
* **Kutalika kwa malo:** Malinga ndi zofotokozera, minda ili pa **1500–1900 m**; m'mudzi womwewo kufotokozera kumodzi kumauika pa kutalika koposa 1800 m.
* **Malo:** Malingaliro amasiyana: kuposa maekala 1000 a minda yakale — malinga ndi zomwe ogulitsa amapereka; maekala 150 ndi kupitirira — malinga ndi kufotokozera kwina.
* **Nthaka:** Ya yellowish-brown kapena yellow (黄棕壤、黄壤).
* **Minda:** Mitengo yakale imamera m'magulu ang'onoang'ono m'nkhalango yoyamba.
* **Nyengo:** Palibe deta ya minda ya Manxinlong. Kwa Bulangshan yense, zofotokozera zimatchula kutentha kwapakati pachaka kwa 18–21 °C ndi pafupifupi 1374 mm ya mvula pachaka.

**5. Tekinoloje ya Kupanga:**

Tekinoloje ya tiyi yomwe ili pansi pa chizindikiro sichinafotokozedwe m'magwero omwe anapezeka. Kwa sheng pu'er wochokera ku mitengo yakale, ndondomeko yodziwika ndi iyi:

1.  **Kututa (采摘, *cǎizhāi*).**
2.  **Kuziziritsa masamba (摊晾, *tānliàng*).**
3.  **Kukhazikitsa mumphika (杀青, *shāqīng*).**
4.  **Kupota (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
5.  **Kuyanika padzuwa (晒干, *shàigān*):** Zimapangitsa maocha wosalala ([晒青](https://thetea.app/ny/article/shai-qing)毛茶, *shàiqīng máochá*).
6.  **Kupanikiza (紧压, *jǐnyā*):** Simkokakamizidwa.

Iyi ndi ndondomeko yodziwika ya kalasi, osati kufotokozera kwa tekinoloje ya Menghai Manxinglong Cha.

**6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:**

Zofotokozera pansipa zimaperekedwa ndi ogulitsa pa pu'er wochokera ku mitengo yakale ya Manxinlong. Palibe amene adagwirizanitsa mwalamulo ndi malonda omwe ali pansi pa chizindikiro.

* **Maonekedwe a masamba owuma:** Palibe zofotokozera zatsatanetsatane; ogulitsa amalemba kuti pooneka tiyiyu amafanana ndi wa Lao Banzhang.
* **Fungo la masamba owuma:** Palibe zofotokozera m'magwero omwe anapezeka.
* **Fungo la madzi a tiyi:** Lokhuthala ndi lolemera, ndi kutsekemera (馥郁、浓厚，偏甜香) — malinga ndi ogulitsa, ndi lokongola kwambiri kuposa la Lao Banzhang. M'mawu ena a kulawa — fungo lalitali latsopano la "mungu wa maluwa" (花粉清香) ndi fungo lozizira lalitali pansi pa kapu.
* **Kukoma:** Kuwawa ndi kwakukulu, fungo ndi lolemera (苦重香浓). Kuwawa ndi koyera, pa muzu wa lilime, koma kumachoka mwachangu; kubwerera kwa kutsekemera ndi kofulumira, kutulutsa malovu ndi kwakukulu, madzi a tiyi ndi olimba ndi otalika (苦回甘快，生津强烈，饱满持久). Kawonekedwe kake ka "dera la Banzhang lalikulu" amakafotokoza ndi mawu akuti "wolimba, wamphamvu, wokhuthala" (浓强酽). Malinga ndi zolemba za ogulitsa, tiyiyu amapirira ma pour khumi.
* **Mtundu wa madzi a tiyi:** Wachikasu, wowala (汤色黄亮); m'mawu a kulawa — wachikasu-golide (金黄明亮).
* **Pansi pa tiyi (masamba ophikidwa):** Palibe zofotokozera m'magwero omwe anapezeka.

**7. Kapangidwe ka Chemical:**

Palibe deta ya physico-chemical m'magwero omwe anapezeka.

**8. Ubwino:**

Palibe deta yotsimikizika yokhudza zotsatira za tiyi umenewu.

**9. Kupanga Tiyi:**

Mchitidwe wa kalasi. Chizindikiro sichitchula kalasi; malangizo pansipa ndi a sheng pu'er, momwe tiyi wa Manxinlong amafotokozedwera m'mabuku a tiyi.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 95–100 °C; kwa zopangira zazing'ono zowawa, kutentha kungachepeko pang'ono.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 5–8 g pa 110–150 ml.
* **Zida:** Gaiwan kapena teapot ya dothi.
* **Ndondomeko:**
    1. Tenthetsa zida.
    2. Ikani tiyi; woponderezedwa — athyole mosamala, osaphwanya masamba.
    3. Sambani masamba mwachidule ndi madzi otentha ndikuwathira.
    4. Ma pour oyamba — masekondi 5–10: kuwawa kumalimbika mwachangu.
    5. Thirani zonse.
    6. Onjezera nthawi pa pour lililonse.

**10. Kusunga:**

Mchitidwe wa kalasi. Sheng pu'er amasungidwa pamalo owuma, oyera, olowera mpweya, opanda kuwala ndi fungo lachilendo, m'matumba opuma. Tiyi wotere amasintha ndi zaka, ndipo nthawi zambiri amasungidwa mwadala.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga:**

Palibe deta ya mitengo m'magwero omwe anapezeka.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:**
    * Fufuzani chizindikiro cha "勐海曼兴龙茶" ndipo muwonetsetse kuti wopanga ndi wochokera m'chigawo cha Menghai.
    * Musasokoneze chizindikiro ndi "dera la Banzhang lalikulu": ichi ndi chizindikiro cha malonda, osati dzina lotetezedwa.
    * Kumbukirani malembedwe: 曼新龙, 曼新竜, 曼兴龙 ndi 曼兴竜 m'malemba amatanthauza mudzi umodzi.
    * Musatenge Manxinlong kukhala Lao Banzhang kapena Lao Man'e: oyandikana nawo ali ndi zizindikiro zawo — "勐海班章茶" ndi "勐海老曼峨茶".

**12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:**

* Mudziwu uli ndi malembedwe anayi a dzina; chizindikiro chinatenga 曼兴龙, ndipo zolemba za Bulangshan nthawi zambiri zimalemba 曼新龙.
* Dzina m'chinenero cha a Dai limatanthauza "mudzi wa mkango wamkulu".
* Cha m'ma 2011, pafupi ndi Manxinlong anafotokoza maekala 200 a munda wakale wa tiyi wowawa 苦茶.
* Ogulitsa amatcha tiyi wa m'mudziwu "Lao Man'e wachiwiri".

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Woyandikana nawo:**

* **Lao Man'e (老曼峨):** Woyandikana naye wapafupi kwambiri pa chikhalidwe; zofotokozera zimalemba kuti poyerekeza tiyi wawo wowawa ndikovuta kusiyanitsa.
* **Lao Banzhang ([老班章](https://thetea.app/ny/article/laobanzhang)):** Choyimira cha Bulangshan; malinga ndi ogulitsa, fungo la Manxinlong ndi lokongola, koma chiyero ndi kutsitsimuka ndi kochepa.
* **Banzhang (班章):** Gulu la midzi yomwe Manxinlong amaphatikizidwa nayo mu "dera la Banzhang lalikulu".
* **Bulangshan (布朗山):** Malo akulu omwe m'mudziwu uli; encyclopedia yathu imatchula Manxinlong pakati pa madera ake ang'onoang'ono.

**Pomaliza:**

Menghai Manxinglong Cha ndi chizindikiro cha mudzi wa a Bulang wa "mkango wamkulu" pa Bulangshan, omwe dzina lawo limalembedwa m'njira zinayi. Minda pa 1500–1900 m pakati pa nkhalango, tiyi wowawa 苦茶 ndi mbiri ya "Lao Man'e wachiwiri" — ndizo zomwe zimadziwika za iwo kuchokera m'malemba. Kalasi ya malonda sichinatchulidwe ndi chizindikiro, ndipo sindinapeze deta yokhudza chizindikiro chenichenicho, kupatula mzere wa mndandanda wachigawo.