---
title: "Mágū chá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/magu-cha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Mágū chá (麻姑茶)

**Magu Cha** (*Mágū chá*, 麻姑茶) ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa kuphiri la Magu (麻姑山) m’chigawo cha Nancheng (南城县) m’boma la Fuzhou kum’mawa kwa chigawo cha Jiangxi. Phirili limatchedwa dzina la wosafa Magu, ndipo nthano imagwirizanitsa iye ndi tiyi womwewo. Kuyambira 2016, Magu Cha ndi chinthu chaulimi chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo, ndipo kuyambira 2025 ndi chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo. Malamulo a 2016 amafotokoza ntchito yamanja ndi kuyanika pamthunzi, pamene zofunika za 2025 zimafotokoza njira yaifupi ndi kuyanika pamoto.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*), wosapsa; malamulo a 2016 amatchula momveka.
* **Gulu:** Tiyi wobiriwira wa kumapiri a kum’mawa kwa Jiangxi; chizindikiro chaulimi cha malo (2016), chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo (2025) ndi chizindikiro cha satifiketi «南城麻姑茶».
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Jiangxi (江西, *Jiāngxī*), boma la Fuzhou (抚州, *Fǔzhōu*), chigawo cha Nancheng (南城, *Nánchéng*), phiri la Magu.
* **Malo otetezedwa:** Malinga ndi malamulo onse awiri otetezera, matauni a Jianchang (建昌镇), Zhuliang (株良镇) ndi Hongmen (洪门镇), mafoloko a Tianjingyuan (天井源乡) ndi Xunxi (浔溪乡). Dera lolembetsedwa mu 2016 ndi mahekitala 866.67, ndipo chiwerengero cha pachaka ndi matani 306.
* **Ma coordinates:** 116°24′42″–116°57′24″ E ndi 27°18′51″–27°47′49″ N.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Nthano.** Malinga ndi nthano, mu nthawi ya Eastern Han, wosafa Magu ankakhala paphiri: m’masika ankasonkha mphukira zofewa, kuzithira madzi a kasupe wa Shengongquan (神功泉) ndi kuthira alendo.
* **Mbiri:**
    * **Tang.** Buku lofotokozera limagwira mawu kuchokera ku «Nancheng County Chronicle» (《南城县志》): kupanga tiyi wa Magu kunakula kwambiri mu nthawi ya Tang.
    * **Ming.** Malinga ndi nkhani zosindikizidwa, Xu Guangqi mu «Complete Treatise on Agriculture» (《农政全书》) anatcha tiyi wa Nancheng Magu «wapamwamba kwambiri mwa tiyi» (为茶之极品), ndipo Li Dongyang, Xiao Xian ndi Li Shishi anamutamanda m’ndakatulo. Mawu amenewa sanayesedwe ndi magwero oyambirira.
    * **Qing.** Malinga ndi buku lofotokozera, kumayambiriro kwa mzindawu tiyi adalowa m’gulu la mphatso za ku nyumba yachifumu. Momwemonso, pogwira mawu kuchokera mu magazini ya «Shipin Keji» (《食品科技》, 1982), akuti pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mtsogoleri wamkulu wa Tongzhi mu 1856, m’malipiro a mwezi wa amayi ake, mtsogoleri wamkulu wamtsogolo Cixi, adaphatikizidwa tiyi wa Magu wolemera liang khumi ndi zinayi.
    * **1985.** Malinga ndi buku lofotokozera, tiyi adalandira udindo wa chigawo cha «tiyi wodziwika bwino wachikhalidwe» ndipo ankatumizidwanso ku Hong Kong ndi Southeast Asia.
    * **2016.** Kulembetsa ngati chinthu chaulimi chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo (chitsimikizo AGI01815); mwiniwake ndi center yofalitsa zamalonda yaulimi ya chigawo.
    * **2022.** Malinga ndi nkhani ya portal ya Intellectual Property ya Ministry of Commerce, bungwe la chigawo la zinthu zakomweko linalandira chitsimikizo cha chizindikiro cha satifiketi «南城麻姑茶».
    * **2025.** Mwa chilengezo cha State Intellectual Property Office (CNIPA) No. 640 cha pa 16 July 2025, tiyi adadziwika ngati chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo m’ndandanda wamba wa zinthu 1409; wopemphayo ndi center yofufuza za sayansi yaulimi ndi ukadaulo ya chigawo cha Nancheng.
* **Dzina:** 麻姑 (*Mágū*) ndi dzina la wosafa amene phirili limatchedwa.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Phiri la Magu ndi malo opatulika a Taoist: malinga ndi «Records of Famous Mountains» (《名山志》) monga momwe buku lofotokozera limanenera, pali zonse ziwiri «phanga lakumwamba» ndi «dziko lodala». Pamphepete mwa phiri pali mphanga wa Danxia (丹霞洞天) ndi amonke Xunzhensi (寻真寺).

**3. Kufotokozera kwa Zomera ndi Zinthu Zopangira:**

* **Mtundu / Cultivar:** Palibe mtundu wolembetsedwa. Malamulo a 2016 amalamula kutenga zomera zochokera ku zitsamba zakomweko, zomera zachilengedwe za phiri la Magu ndi kuzifalitsa mwa cuttings; zofunika za 2025 zimatchula zopangira «mtundu wa Magu» (麻姑茶品种) ndipo zimafunanso cuttings. Malinga ndi buku lofotokozera, gulu lakomweko ndi chitsamba cha masamba apakatikati ndi mphukira zokhala ndi tsitsi kwambiri; mphukira zana za «mphukira ndi masamba atatu» zimalemera 36.1 g.
* **Kusonkha:** Malinga ndi malamulo a 2016, kuyambira pa chikondwerero cha Qingming; malinga ndi zofunika za 2025, kuyambira kumapeto kwa March mpaka kumapeto kwa May, kuchokera ku mphukira imodzi mpaka ku mphukira zokhala ndi masamba anayi. Malinga ndi buku lofotokozera, zokolola ndi zoposa 100 kg za tiyi pa mu.
* **Muyezo wa kusonkha:** Kwa tiyi wabwino kwambiri, kokha «mphukira ndi tsamba» (一旗一枪, *yī qí yī qiāng*), mphukira ya utali wa 2–3 cm; masamba mu mabasiketi a nsungwi olowera mpweya amatengedwa nthawi yomweyo kupita ku processing.

**4. Terroir ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Phiri la Magu lili 10 km kumwera chakumadzulo kwa likulu la chigawo, nthambi ya mtunda wa Wuyishan.
* **Nyengo ndi kutalika:** Nyengo ya subtropical monsoon, yachinyezi, ndi chifunga pafupipafupi. Malinga ndi malamulo a 2016, kutalika ndi 600–1176 m, mvula 1700 mm, maola a dzuwa 2000–2230 pachaka, kutentha kwapakati pafupifupi 15 °C, kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa tsiku pafupifupi 10 °C. Buku lofotokozera limatchula minda ya tiyi pa 500–1000 m ndi mvula 2300 mm, pamene zofunika za 2025 zimatchula kutalika 600–1000 m. Ziwerengerozi sizikugwirizana.
* **Dothi:** Malinga ndi malamulo a 2016, dothi lofiira, lofiirira lachikasu ndi lamchenga, pH 4.0–6.5; malinga ndi zofunika za 2025, lofiirira lachikasu, lozama ndi lachonde, pH 4.8–6.5.
* **Kusamalira munda:** Manyowa makamaka organic, nitrate nitrogen ndi yoletsedwa; kachipangizo kamodzi kogwiritsa ntchito kuwala pa 50 mu.

**5. Ukadaulo Wopanga:**

Malinga ndi malamulo a GI a zaulimi a 2016:

1.  **Kuziziritsa (凉青, *liángqīng*):** Mzere wa 2–3 cm pa tray zolukidwa, maola 6–12.
2.  **Kukhazikitsa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Mu mphika waukulu wachitsulo pa 150–200 °C, pafupifupi 2 kg ya masamba nthawi imodzi, motsatira lamulo «kutentha kwakukulu, masamba ochepa». Kwatha pamene tsamba ndi lofewa, lopanda kuwala ndi fungo la udzu.
3.  **Kupota (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Mphukira ndi zokhwima, ndi tsinde lakuda, choncho amazipota zotentha, pamoto wofewa, kukhala mfundo kapena chingwe.
4.  **Kuyanika (干燥, *gānzào*):** Pa mphasa za nsungwi pamthunzi, popanda dzuwa lachindunji, mpaka chinyezi cha 3–5 %. Mvula ikagwa, kuyanika pang’onopang’ono pa kutentha kochepa.
5.  **Kusankha ndi kusefa (精挑, 筛分, *jīngtiāo*, *shāifēn*):** Pamanja amachotsa masamba oopsa ndi mfundo, sieve zimagawanitsa tiyi m’magulu.

Zofunika za 2025 zimapereka njira ina: kukhazikitsa → kupota → kuwotcha (炒青, *chǎoqīng*) → kuyanika pamoto (烘干, *hōnggān*). Momwe njira ziwirizi zimagwirizanira, zolemba sizikufotokoza.

**6. Makhalidwe a Kumva:**

Mafotokozedwe amaperekedwa ndi malamulo a 2016 («mwa kulembetsa»), zofunika za 2025 ndi buku lofotokozera.

* **Maonekedwe a tsamba louma:** Mwa kulembetsa, mphukira ndi tsamba zokhuthala za mtundu wa jade (色如翡翠), m’mapindidwe olimba. Mwa zofunika za 2025, zingwe zolunjika, zolimba, zofanana ndi mphukira yowoneka. Mwa buku lofotokozera, mapindidwe olimba ndi ubweya, imvi-siliva ndi zobiriwira zokoma (银灰翠润).
* **Fungo la tsamba louma:** Palibe kufotokozera kwapadera m’magwero opezeka.
* **Fungo la madzi:** Lokwera ndi lokhalitsa (香气高扬且持久).
* **Kukoma:** Mwa kulembetsa, kopepuka ndi kwatsopano, ndi kukoma kotsalira kokoma (滋味清淡鲜爽，回味甘而生津); mwa buku lofotokozera, kokhuthala, kokoma ndi kolimbikitsa (醇厚甘爽). Magwero amasiyana.
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Wobiriwira watsopano, wowonekera (鲜绿透亮).
* **Masamba otsala:** Ofanana, obiriwira pang’ono, owala (匀整、嫩绿明亮); mwa zofunika za 2025, mphukira iliyonse imawonekera (芽叶朵朵可辨).

Tiyi, malinga ndi malamulo a 2016, umapirira kuthira madzi nthawi zambiri (耐泡).

**7. Zomwe Zili mu Tiyi:**

Malamulo a 2016 amakhazikitsa mfundo izi:

| Chizindikiro | Muyezo |
| :--- | :--- |
| Chinyezi | osaposa 7.0 % |
| Phulusa | osaposa 7.0 % |
| Zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi | osachepera 36.0 % |
| Fiber yosaphika | osaposa 14.0 % |
| Theanine (茶氨酸) | osachepera 2.1 % |

Zofunika za 2025: phulusa lonse osaposa 6.5 %, fiber yosaphika osaposa 10.5 %, zinthu zosungunuka osachepera 36 %, amino acid osachepera 5.5 %.

Buku lofotokozera limatchula kwa tsamba louma la «mphukira ndi masamba awiri» 3.0 % amino acid, 26.6 % polyphenols, 12.8 % catechins ndi 5.9 % caffeine, popanda njira; izi sizikugwirizana ndi muyezo wa 2025 wa amino acid.

**8. Mapindu a Zaumoyo:**

Palibe umboni wotsimikizika wa zotsatira za tiyi womwewo.

**9. Kuthira Madzi:**

Njira ya gulu la tiyi wobiriwira.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3 g pa 150 ml.
* **Zida:** Kapu ya galasi kapena gaiwan yoyera.
* **Njira:**
    1. Tenthetsa zida.
    2. Ikani tiyi ndi kuthira madzi m’mphepete.
    3. Kusakaniza koyamba pakatha masekondi 40–60.
    4. Imwani, kusiya gawo la madzi.
    5. Onjezerani madzi.
    6. Bwerezani kuthira madzi kawiri kapena katatu kapena kuposa.

**10. Kusunga:**

Njira ya gulu. Mu botolo lotsekedwa bwino, mufiriji pa 0–5 °C, popanda chinyezi, kuwala ndi fungo lina. Bwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonama:**

Palibe deta ya mitengo m’magwero opezeka. Malinga ndi buku lofotokozera, tiyi wokonzedwa amagawidwa m’magulu asanu.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonama:**
    * Fufuzani chizindikiro cha malo kapena chizindikiro cha satifiketi «南城麻姑茶» (malinga ndi catalog, No. 40782709).
    * Onetsetsani kuti wopanga akuchokera m’magawo asanu a chigawo cha Nancheng.

**12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:**

* Malamulo a 2016 amaletsa mwachindunji kuyanika tiyi padzuwa lotentha.
* Malamulo a 2016 amakhazikitsa theanine, pamene zofunika za 2025 m’malo mwake zimakhazikitsa amino acid.
* Dzina la komweko la kusonkha kwa «mphukira ndi tsamba» ndi «mbendera ndi mkondo» (一旗一枪).

**13. Kufanizira ndi Tiyi Ena:**

* **Zixi Bai Cha ([资溪白茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/zixi-baicha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa mtundu wa masamba oyera wa chigawo cha Zixi m’boma lomwelo la Fuzhou.
* **Lichuan Baicha ([黎川白茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/lichuan-baicha)):** Tiyi wa chigawo cha Lichuan m’boma lomwelo; gulu lake silinatsimikizidwe ndi zolemba.
* **Lushan Yun Wu ([庐山云雾](https://thetea.app/ny/article/lushan-yun-wu)):** Mmodzi mwa tiyi odziwika kwambiri a kumapiri a ku Jiangxi.
* **Gougounao Cha ([狗牯脑茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/gougunao-cha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa Jiangxi ndi mendulo yagolide ya 1915.

**Pomaliza:**

Magu Cha ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa kumapiri a chigawo cha Nancheng, wotchedwa dzina la phiri la Taoist. Malamulo a 2016 amafotokoza ntchito yamanja: kukhazikitsa m’mphika pa 150–200 °C, kupota kotentha ndi kuyanika pamthunzi. Maonekedwe ndi mapindidwe olimba a mtundu wa jade ndi madzi obiriwira owonekera; za kukoma kwake magwero amatsutsana. Kutchuka kwakale kwa tiyi kumakhazikika pa nkhani zosindikizidwa, zomwe sizinayesedwe ndi magwero oyambirira.