---
title: "Lóngzhōu wūlóngchá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/longzhou-wulongcha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Lóngzhōu wūlóngchá (龙州乌龙茶)

**Longzhou Oolong Tea** (*Lóngzhōu wūlóngchá*, 龙州乌龙茶) ndi ulong wa m’boma la Longzhou (龙州县) m’chigawo cha mzinda wa Chongzuo kum’mwera chakumadzulo kwa Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, kumalire ndi Vietnam. Makampani amakono ndi achichepere: kuyambira 2000, siteshoni yoyesera idabweretsa mitundu ya ulong kuchokera ku Fujian, Guangdong ndi Taiwan ndikuyika pa zitsamba za tiyi wa masamba akulu a ku Yunnan. Chikalata choteteza chimatchula mtundu umodzi wokha: Jin Xuan ([金萱](https://thetea.app/ny/article/jin-xuan)) waku Taiwan, ndipo chimafotokoza mwatsatanitsatane luso: kuyanika padzuwa, kugwedeza, kukhazikitsa, kukulunga m’thumba. Kuyambira 4 Novembala 2016, Longzhou Oolong Tea ndi chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo (geographical indication) m’boma lonse la Longzhou.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Ulong (乌龙茶, *wūlóngchá*), tiyi wothira theka. Gulu limatchulidwa m’dzina ndipo limatsimikiziridwa ndi luso la chikalata choteteza: kuyanika padzuwa ([晒青](https://thetea.app/ny/article/shai-qing)), kugwedeza ndi kupumula (做青), kukhazikitsa (炒青), kukulunga m’thumba (包揉).
* **Gulu:** Ulong wa ku Guangxi; chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo (2016).
* **Chiyambi:** China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西, *Guǎngxī*), mzinda wa Chongzuo (崇左, *Chóngzuǒ*), boma la Longzhou (龙州, *Lóngzhōu*).
* **Malo otetezedwa:** Malinga ndi chilengezo, ndi dera lonse la kayendetsedwe ka boma la Longzhou.
* **Ma coordinates:** Boma la Longzhou pafupifupi 22.3° kumpoto ndi 106.9° kummawa.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Mitengo yakale.** Buku la zizindikiro za malo limatchula "Mbiri ya Boma la Longzhou": kumapeto kwa Qing, mkati mwa mapiri a Daqingshan (大青山), pa malo a ulamuliro wakale wa tuko la Shanglong (上龙司), kunali "mitengo ya ulong ya Longzhou" yokhala ndi tsinde lakuda ndi masamba obiriwira akuda; tiyi wake poyamba ndi wowawa, kenako wokoma kwambiri, ndikubwerera mwachangu (制茶后味清苦，后浓甘，回味快). Buku limatengera mbiri ya zaka zoposa 130. Mbiri yomwe sindinaiwone.
    * **2000 – kumezanitsa.** Malinga ndi kufotokoza kwa buku, siteshoni yoyesera ya Guangxi Institute of Subtropical Crops idabweretsa mitundu 16 kuchokera ku Fujian, Guangdong ndi Taiwan, kuphatikiza Tieguanyin ([铁观音](https://thetea.app/ny/article/tie-guanyin)), Huangzhixiu (黄枝秀), Jin Xuan (金萱) ndi Cuiyu (翠玉). Zitsamba za tiyi wa masamba akulu a ku Yunnan zidamezanitsidwa ndi mitundu ya ulong (嫁接换种) ndipo ulong unkapezeka chaka chomwecho chomezanitsa.
    * **2004.** Malinga ndi buku, gulu la akatswiri la boma lidayesa khalidwe la tiyi ngati lotsogolera pakati pa zinthu zofanana za mdziko ndipo lofanana ndi ulong wa Anxi.
    * **2012–2015.** Malinga ndi buku, mu 2012 malo a ulong m’boma adafika 3000 mu kuzungulira malo owonetsera m’mudzi wa Wude (武德村); mu 2015 adabzala ma mu ena opitilira 1500, ndipo tiyi adadziwika ngati "chinthu chobiriwira" cha gulu A.
    * **2016.** General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) ndi chilengezo № 112 cha 4 Novembala 2016 idateteza Longzhou Oolong Tea ngati chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo pamodzi ndi zinthu zina 43 za mdziko. Malinga ndi buku, ichi ndi chinthu choyamba cha boma chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo.
* **Kusiyana:** Mbiri imanena za mitengo yakale ya m’deralo, koma chikalata choteteza chimatchula mtundu umodzi wokha: Jin Xuan waku Taiwan, wobweretsedwa mu 2000.
* **Dzina:** "Longzhou" (龙州) ndi "Dera la Chinjoka", dzina la boma; "ulongcha" (乌龙茶) ndi ulong.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Malinga ndi buku, anthu am’deralo amamwa tiyi uyu chaka chonse, ndipo minda idalandira maudindo a malo a tiyi opanda zinthu zovulaza (无公害) kuchokera ku dipatimenti ya zaulimi ya Guangxi, malo owonetsera sayansi ndi ukadaulo, ndi malo a tiyi wotchuka kuchokera ku China Tea Association.

**3. Kufotokoza kwa Zomera ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mtundu:** Malinga ndi chikalata: **Jin Xuan** (金萱, *jīnxuān*), mtundu wa ulong waku Taiwan. Chikalata sichitchula mitundu ina.
* **Kubzala:** Malinga ndi chikalata: kudula (扦插育苗).
* **Mulingo wa kuthyola:** Malinga ndi chikalata: mphukira wa masamba awiri opanda tsamba lakukula (对夹2叶), komanso masamba amodzi kuyambira achiwiri mpaka achinayi.
* **Nthawi yothyola:** Palibe chidziwitso m’mabuku opezeka.

**4. Malo ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Kum’mwera chakumadzulo kwa Guangxi, boma lomwe lili kumalire ndi Vietnam.
* **Kutalika kwa kulima:** Malinga ndi chikalata: osachepera 400 m.
* **Dothi:** Malinga ndi chikalata: mchenga wopanda dongo (砂壤土) ndi pH 4.50-6.50, makulidwe osachepera 80 cm ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zosachepera 2 %.
* **Ulimi malinga ndi chikalata:** Kuchulukana kwa kubzala: osapyola zomera 45,000 pa hekitala; manyowa owola: osachepera matani 35 pa hekitala pachaka; mankhwala ndi manyowa: malinga ndi malamulo a dziko okha.
* **Nyengo:** Bukuli limanena za mapiri, mitambo ndi chifunga, mvula yambiri komanso nyengo yofewa (高海拔、云雾弥漫，雨量充沛，气候温和); palibe manambala m’mabuku opezeka.

**5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:**

Chikalata choteteza chimakhazikitsa ndondomeko: kuthyola → kuyanika padzuwa → kugwedeza ndi kupumula → kukhazikitsa → kukulunga m’thumba → kuumitsa → kulongedza.

1.  **Kuyanika padzuwa (晒青, *shàiqīng*):** Padzuwa lamadzulo kapena lofooka lamadzulo, mphindi 20-40. Kutentha kwa tsamba kusapyole 30 °C; pamzere womwewo chikalata chimafuna kusunga kutentha pansi pa 35 °C, osalongosola ngati kwa mpweya kapena chinthu china.
2.  **Kugwedeza ndi kupumula (做青, *zuòqīng*):** Kugwedeza (摇青) ndi kupumula (静置) kumasinthana 3-5 nthawi pa 18-24 °C m’chipinda. Ng’oma imadzazidwa osapyola magawo awiri mwa atatu; kugwedeza: mphindi 1-5, kupumula: mphindi 30-60.
3.  **Kukhazikitsa (炒青, *chǎoqīng*):** Pa 250-280 °C mpaka fungo laudzu litachoka ndi fungo la tiyi liwonekere; kenako tsamba limazizidwa nthawi yomweyo.
4.  **Kukulunga m’thumba (包揉, *bāoróu*):** Koyamba: kuzungulira 3-4 kokulunga ndi kuswa mipuri, mphindi 2-5 kulikonse. Kenako tsamba limuumitsidwa pang’ono ndikubwereza kuzungulira kwina 3-4 kwa mphindi 2-5.
5.  **Kuumitsa (烘干, *hōnggān*):** Pa 80-100 °C mpaka magawo asanu ndi atatu mwa khumi owuma.
6.  **Kuumitsanso (复烘, *fùhōng*):** Pa 60-80 °C mpaka kuwuma kwathunthu.

**6. Makhalidwe a Kumva:**

Kufotokoza pansipa ndi zofunikira za chikalata choteteza.

* **Maonekedwe a tsamba louma:** Zokulunga ndi zolimba komanso zaminofu (条索肥壮紧实), mtundu wa "wobiriwira wa mchenga", wakuda komanso wamafuta, wonyezimira (色泽砂绿乌润、油润有光), wofanana.
* **Fungo la tsamba louma:** Palibe kufotokoza kwapadera m’chikalata.
* **Fungo la madzi:** Lokwanira, loyera komanso lalitali, lokhala ndi "kukongola kwa tiyi" koonekera (香气浓郁清长、«茶韵»明显).
* **Kukoma:** Kolimba komanso kofewa, ndi kubwerera kokoma (滋味醇厚、回甘).
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Wobiriwira wachikasu, wowala (黄绿明亮).
* **Masamba otayidwa (otsuka):** Ofewa komanso onyezimira, okhala ndi fungo lotsalira (软亮、有余香).

Chikalata chimanenanso za kulimbikira: pambuyo pa kuthira kwachisanu ndi chiwiri, tiyi akadali ndi fungo ndi kukoma.

**7. Zomwe Zili M’mankhwala:**

Chikalata choteteza chimapereka chizindikiro chimodzi chokha cha physicochemical: zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi (extractive) zosachepera 32 %. Palibe chidziwitso china m’mabuku opezeka.

**8. Ubwino wa Zaumoyo:**

Palibe chidziwitso chotsimikizika chokhudza zotsatira za tiyi uyu.

**9. Kuthira:**

Njira yamtundu wa ulong wokazinga pang’ono.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 95-100 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** Magalamu 5-7 pa 100-110 ml.
* **Zida:** Gaiwan kapena tiyapot kakang’ono kadongo.
* **Ndondomeko:**
    1. Tenthetsa zida.
    2. Ika tiyi.
    3. Samba tsamba mwachangu ndi madzi otentha ndikuthira.
    4. Kuthira koyamba: masekondi 20-30.
    5. Thirani madzi onse.
    6. Kuthiranso mobwerezabwereza ndikuwonjezera masekondi 5-10; malinga ndi chikalata, pambuyo pa kuthira kwachisanu ndi chiwiri tiyi amakhalabe ndi fungo ndi kukoma.

**10. Kusunga:**

Njira yamtundu. M’paketi yotsekedwa bwino, pamalo owuma amdima, kutali ndi fungo; kusunga kwanthawi yayitali kwa ulong wokazinga pang’ono: mufiriji pa 0-5 °C.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga:**

Palibe chidziwitso cha mitengo m’mabuku opezeka.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:**
    * Fufuzani chizindikiro cha malo. Malinga ndi chilengezo cha 2016, wopanga amapereka pempho ku ofesi ya boma ya mafakitale, malonda ndi kuyang’anira khalidwe, pempholi limayesedwa ndi ofesi ya chigawo chodzilamulira, ndipo ufuluwo umalengezedwa ndi bungwe la boma. Malinga ndi mndandanda wa National Intellectual Property Administration, pomwe pali makampani 941 okhala ndi ufulu wa chizindikirocho, palinso wopanga wa tiyi uyu.
    * Onetsetsani kuti wopanga ndi wa boma la Longzhou.
    * Maonekedwe malinga ndi chikalata: zokulunga zaminofu zolimba za mtundu wa "wobiriwira wa mchenga" ndi kuwala, madzi obiriwira achikasu.

**12. Zochititsa Chidwi:**

* Ulong ku Longzhou sunayambike ndi kubzala, koma ndi kumezanitsa: mitundu ya ulong idamezanitsidwa pa tiyi wa masamba akulu a ku Yunnan ndipo ulong unkapezeka chaka chomwecho chomezanitsa.
* Mwa mitundu 16 yobweretsedwa, chikalata choteteza chidasiya umodzi wokha: Jin Xuan.
* Dzinali limasokonezeka mosavuta ndi la ku Sichuan: "龙州青丝" ndi tiyi wa mbiri ya boma la Pingwu, pomwe Longzhou ndi dzina lakale la malowo (onani Pingwu Lü Cha, [平武绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/pingwu-lucha)). Izi zilibe kanthu ndi Guangxi.

**13. Kufanizira ndi maulong ena:**

* **Jin Xuan (金萱):** Ulong waku Taiwan wa mtundu womwewo, gwero la zopangira zomwe malinga ndi chikalata zimapangira Longzhou Oolong Tea.
* **Tieguanyin (铁观音):** Ulong wa boma la Anxi ku Fujian; ndi maulong a Anxi, malinga ndi buku, gulu la akatswiri la 2004 lidafanizira tiyi wa Longzhou.
* **Tengchong Oolong Tea ([腾冲乌龙茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/tengchong-wulongcha)):** Ulong wa ku Yunnan kumalire ndi Myanmar, ulong wa boma la m’malire.

**Pomaliza:**

Longzhou Oolong Tea ndi ulong wachichepere wa ku Guangxi kumalire, wopangidwa kuchokera ku kumezanitsa mitundu ya ku Taiwan ndi Fujian pa tiyi wa masamba akulu a ku Yunnan. Chikalata cha 2016 chimamufotokoza mwatsatanitsatane: mtundu wa Jin Xuan, kutalika kuyambira 400 m, kuyanika padzuwa, kugwedeza, kukhazikitsa pa 250-280 °C ndi kukulunga m’thumba; mu kapu: madzi obiriwira achikasu okhala ndi fungo lalitali ndi kubwerera kokoma. Mitengo yakale ya Daqingshan kuchokera m’mbiri ya boma imakhalabe mbiri yakale, osati gwero la chinthu chotetezedwa.