---
title: "Lǒngnán lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/longnan-lucha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Lǒngnán lǜchá (陇南绿茶)

**Longnan Lücha** (*Lǒngnán lǜchá*, 陇南绿茶) ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa m’boma la Longnan (陇南市) kum’mwera kwa chigawo cha Gansu. Longnan ndi dera lokha la tiyi ku Gansu: minda ya tiyi ili m’katikati mwa dera lomwe madera a Wen County, Wudu District ndi Kang County amakumana, pafupi ndi malire a Sichuan ndi Shaanxi. Dzinali ndi la boma, koma dera lake ndi laling’ono, m’matauni ndi midzi 13, ndipo chilengezo cha chitetezo chimatchula mpaka midzi ndi mabanja: mida 158, magulu a m’midzi 755, mabanja a alimi 19,300. Zofunikira za chitetezo zimadziwa mitundu iwiri ya tiyi, yopapatiza komanso yopota, yokhala ndi fungo la mtedza wa chestnut. Dzinali linalembedwa m’kaundula wa zilembo za malo a ulimi mu 2016.

**1. Magulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Gulu limatchulidwa m’dzinalo; mafotokozedwe onse opezeka a maonekedwe ndi kakonzedwe ndi a tiyi wobiriwira.
* **Gulu:** Chizindikiro cha dera la boma (区域公用品牌, *qūyù gōngyòng pǐnpái*) ndi chizindikiro cha malo a ulimi (2016).
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Gansu (甘肃, *Gānsù*), boma la Longnan (陇南, *Lǒngnán*): Wen County (文县, *Wénxiàn*), Wudu District (武都区, *Wǔdū qū*), Kang County (康县, *Kāngxiàn*).
* **Dera lachitetezo:** Malinga ndi chilengezo cha CNIPA (State Intellectual Property Office) No. 640: Wen County: Bikou (碧口镇), Zhongmiao (中庙乡), Fanba (范坝乡), Liujiaping (刘家坪乡); Wudu District: Luotang (洛塘镇), Yuhe (裕河乡), Fengxiang (枫相乡), Wuma (五马乡); Kang County: Yangba (阳坝镇), Lianghe (两河镇), Tongqian (铜钱乡), Baiyang (白杨乡), Sanhe (三河乡). Wopemphayo ndi ofesi ya chigawo yofalitsa ukadaulo wa mbewu zantchito. Kufotokoza kwa chizindikiro chaulimi pa matauni ndi midzi 13 omwewo ndi magulu 755 kumatchula midzi 148, osati 158.
* **Madigiri a malo:** 104°41′–106°08′ E, 32°42′–33°48′ N.

**2. Mbiri ndi Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Tiyi panjira yopita kwa alendo amisasa.** Malinga ndi lipoti la webusayiti ya Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Madera akumidzi (2019), m’nthawi ya Eastern Han, tiyi wochokera ku Ba ndi Shu ankatengera ku Chengdu kupita ku Wudu ndikugulitsidwa kwa alendo amisasa akumpoto chakumadzulo, ndipo m’nthawi ya Song kunali misika ya boma yogulitsira tiyi ndi akavalo (茶马场). Zolemba zomwe malipotiwa amatsamira sizinawoneke.
    * **2016.** Malinga ndi China.com.cn (2019), mu August dzinali linayesedwa, ndipo pa 2 November Unduna wa Zaulimi, mwa chilengezo No. 2468, unalemba dzinali m’kaundula wa zilembo za malo a ulimi; nambala yake ndi AGI01999.
    * **2018.** Mu December, malinga ndi lipoti lomwelo, bungwe la tiyi la Longnan linalola makampani asanu ndi atatu kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikirochi ndikugawa zomata 100,000 zotsatirira.
    * **2025.** CNIPA, mwa chilengezo No. 640, inavomereza zinthu 1409 monga zinthu zokhala ndi zilembo za malo; Longnan Lücha ali m’gululi.
* **Dzina:** “Longnan” (陇南) amatanthauza “kum’mwera kwa Long”, pomwe Long (陇, *Lǒng*) ndi dzina lalifupi lachikhalidwe la Gansu. “Lücha” (绿茶) ndi tiyi wobiriwira.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Atolankhani aku Gansu amatcha Longnan “陇上江南” (Jiangnan m’dziko la Long). Kwa boma, tiyi ndi nsika ya midzi yakumapiri: malinga ndi lipoti la 2019, m’madera ena olima tiyi, tiyi amapereka zoposa 60% ya ndalama za mabanja osauka. Nkhani mu “Zhongguo Gansu Wang” (2023) imanena kuti ku Longnan akadali kumwa “guan guan cha” (罐罐茶, *guànguàn chá*), tiyi wophikidwa m’mbiya yaing’ono yadongo.

**3. Kufotokoza kwa Zomera ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mtundu wa zomera:** Zofunikira za chitetezo zimatchula mtundu wa masamba ang’onoang’ono (小叶[群体种](https://thetea.app/ny/article/qunti-zhong), *xiǎoyè qúntǐzhǒng*) ndipo zimalongosola kufalitsa kwake ndi mbewu ndi kutchetcha. Malinga ndi lipoti la 2019, mitundu yobzalidwa mwa cloning inayambitsidwa m’boma, monga Longjing 43 (龙井43, *Lóngjǐng 43*), Zhongcha 108 (中茶108, *Zhōngchá 108*) ndi Huangjin Ya (黄金芽, *Huángjīn yá*).
* **Zopangira:** Malinga ndi zofunikira za chitetezo, mphukira umodzi wokha kapena mphukira ndi masamba amodzi kapena awiri (单芽或一芽一、二叶); mphukira amatchulidwa kuti “zolemera komanso zothina” (芽叶重实).
* **Kukolola:** Malinga ndi zofunikira za chitetezo, mitundu yoyamba imayamba kukololedwa pambuyo pa 20 March, mtundu wa masamba ang’onoang’ono pambuyo pa 1 April; pachaka amakolola pafupifupi kasanu ndi kawiri, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa September munda umatsekedwa. Malinga ndi nkhani ya 2023, m’mudzi wa Liziba (李子坝) ku Wen County, amakolola pambuyo pa nyengo ya Yushui (雨水, *yǔshuǐ*), mphukira umodzi ndi tsamba limodzi.

**4. Malo ndi Kadyetsedwe:**

* **Dera:** Katatu komwe Wen County, Wudu District ndi Kang County amakumana, m’chigwa cha Yangtze. Minda ikuluikulu, malinga ndi nkhani ya 2023, ili pafupi ndi matauni a Bikou, Yuhe ndi Lianghe.
* **Malo m’gawo la tiyi:** Mphepete chakumpoto kwa dera la tiyi la Jiangbei (江北茶区, *Jiāngběi cháqū*), dera la minda ya tiyi kumpoto kwa Mtsinje wa Yangtze.
* **Nyengo:** Malinga ndi kufotokoza kwa chizindikiro chaulimi, nyengo ndi yosintha pakati pa chinyezi chakumpoto kwa subtropical ndi chinyezi chofunda chotentha. Zofunikira za chitetezo zimatchula masana ataliatali, kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku, chifunga komanso kuwala kochuluka kofalikira.
* **Kutalika kwa malo:** Malinga ndi zofunikira za chitetezo, mapiri otsika kuposa 1400 m; lipoti la 2019 limatchula 600–1200 m.
* **Nthaka:** Nthaka yamchenga ya acidic, yachikasu-bulauni (黄棕壤) ndi yabulauni (棕壤), pH 4.6–6.5, monga zalembedwa m’zofunikira za chitetezo.
* **Kukula:** Malinga ndi China.com.cn, pofika kumapeto kwa 2018 minda ya tiyi m’boma inali 174,000 mu, ndipo zokolola zinali 1,388 tonnes; “Zhongguo Gansu Wang” mu 2021 inatchula 179,000 mu ndi zoposa 1,400 tonnes. Izi ndi tiyi wonse wa m’boma, osati zokhazokha zomwe zimagulitsidwa ndi chizindikiro.

**5. Njira Yopangira:**

Zofunikira za chitetezo zimangotchula njira yoyambira. Masamba atsopano amayalidwa m’nyumba yopangira kwa maola 3–8, osapitirira 15 cm wochuluka, koma osapitirira maola 12; kenako kuzimitsa kutentha (杀青, *shāqīng*), kupota (揉捻, *róuniǎn*), kuyanika (干燥, *gānzào*). Kutentha ndi nthawi ya masitepe awa sizinaperekedwe m’chikalatacho.

Nkhani ya 2023 imalongosola tiyi wopapatiza wa “mapiri longjing” wa m’mudzi wa Liziba: masamba amakonzedwa tsiku lomwelo, osasiya usiku.

1.  **Kuyala (摊晾, *tānliàng*).**
2.  **Kuzimitsa kutentha (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Kutentha kumaletsa kusandulika kwa mtundu.
3.  **Kupanga mawonekedwe opapatiza (扁形, *biǎnxíng*).**
4.  **Kuchotsa tsitsi lofewa (去毫, *qùháo*).**
5.  **Kukazinganso m’mphika (回锅, *huíguō*).**
6.  **Kusankha (精选, *jīngxuǎn*).**
7.  **“Kukweza fungo” (提香, *tíxiāng*).**

Uku ndi kufotokoza kwa tiyi wa m’mudzi umodzi, kopanda miyeso, osati zofunikira za chizindikiro.

**6. Makhalidwe a Kumva ndi Kuona:**

Zofunikira za chitetezo zimagawa tiyi kukhala wopapatiza (扁形) ndi wopota (卷曲形). Pansipa pali wopapatiza, m’makolo mwalembedwa mawu a m’chikalatacho.

* **Maonekedwe a masamba owuma:** Mphukira ndi masamba ndi opapatiza, owongoka komanso osalala, obiriwira ngati emerald kapena obiriwira achikasu (芽叶扁平，挺直光滑，翠绿或黄绿).
* **Fungo la masamba owuma:** Palibe zomwe zinapezeka.
* **Fungo la madzi a tiyi:** Fungo la mtedza wa chestnut, kapena lofewa kapena loyera (栗香或嫩香、清香).
* **Kukoma:** Kwatsopano, kolimbikitsa, kokwanira komanso kofewa (鲜爽浓醇).
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira wachikasu, wowala (绿亮或黄绿明亮).
* **Masamba pambuyo pakupha:** Obiriwira achikasu, mphukira zimatseguka ngati “maluwa” (黄绿成朵).

Tiyi wopota ndi wothina, wobiriwira wonyezimira (紧结卷曲，色泽绿润), ndi madzi obiriwira ofewa, fungo lapamwamba la mtedza wa chestnut kapena loyera (m’mitundu ina, lamaluwa), kukoma kwatsopano kofewa ndi masamba ofewa obiriwira achikasu. Mwambi wamba “青翠透金，栗香甘醇” (wobiriwira ngati emerald wonyezimira ngati golide, fungo la mtedza wa chestnut, kukoma kofewa kotsekemera), malinga ndi lipoti la 2019, unaperekedwa ndi wofufuza wa Tea Research Institute ya Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

**7. Zomwe Zili M’kati:**

Zofunikira za chitetezo zimakhazikitsa malire: zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi zosachepera 34.0%, polyphenols a tiyi osachepera 11.0%, catechins (m’chikalatacho “儿茶酚”) osachepera 7.0%, chinyezi chosapitirira 7.0% (kwa tiyi woyanikidwa padzuwa 9.0%), fiber wamba osapitirira 16.0%.

Xinhua (2024) imapereka ziwerengero izi za Longnan Lücha:

| Chizindikiro | Kuchuluka |
| :--- | :--- |
| Gallocatechin gallate (GCG) | 1.03 % |
| Catechin (C) | 0.26 % |
| “精氨酸” (arginine) | 0.21 g pa 100 g |
| Ma polysaccharides a tiyi | 0.90 g pa 100 g |
| Calcium | 2479.92 mg/kg |
| Iron | 143.10 mg/kg |

Nkhaniyi sinatchule njira, sampuli kapena chaka, ndipo kukhala “wapamwamba kuposa zinthu zina zofanana” sikunafotokozedwe. Palinso vuto: chiganizo chimayamba ndi theanine, koma nambala yaikidwa pa arginine. Ichi ndi chitsogozo chokhala ndi magwero, osati lamulo; sindikupanga mfundo za thanzi.

**8. Ubwino wa Thanzi:**

Palibe zotsimikizika za zotsatira za tiyi ameneyu pa thanzi.

**9. Kakonzera:**

Njira yokonzekera tiyi wobiriwira.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3 g pa 150 ml.
* **Zida:** Kapu yagalasi kapena gaiwan yoyera.
* **Njira:**
    1. Tenthetsa chida.
    2. Ikani tiyi ndikutsanulira madzi m’mphepete mwa chida.
    3. Kudzaza koyamba pakadutsa masekondi 40–60.
    4. Imwani, ndikusiya madzi pang’ono.
    5. Onjezerani madzi.
    6. Kudzaza kuwiri kapena katatu; zofunikira za chitetezo zimatcha tiyi “高香耐泡”, wafungo lapamwamba komanso wopirira kudzazidwa.

**10. Kusunga:**

Njira yokhazikika. M’paketi yotsekedwa bwino, mufiriji pa 0–5 °C, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo lina. Ndi bwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonama:**

Palibe zomwe zinapezeka zokhudza mitengo.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonama:**
    * Yang’anani chizindikiro cha malo ndi chomata chotsatirira.
    * Onetsetsani kuti wopanga akuchokera m’matauni ndi midzi 13 ya dera: boma ndi lalikulu, koma chizindikiro chimangogwira gawo limeneli.
    * Masamba opapatiza ndi osalala, owongoka, obiriwira ngati emerald kapena obiriwira achikasu; opota ndi othina komanso obiriwira; fungo ndi la mtedza wa chestnut kapena loyera.
    * Tiyi wamba wopapatiza ku Longnan amatchedwa “longjing”; uwu ndi tiyi wa ku Gansu, osati Xi Hu Long Jing ([西湖龙井](https://thetea.app/ny/article/xihu-longjing)).

**12. Zinthu Zochititsa Chidwi:**

* Malinga ndi nkhani ya 2023, ku Bikou maluwa a rapeseed amayamba kuphulika kale mu January, pamene m’zigawo zozizira za boma amaphulika kumapeto kwa April kapena kumayambiriro kwa May.
* Kupatula tiyi wobiriwira, ku Longnan anayambanso kupanga tiyi wofiira komanso tiyi wofufudwa wa fuzhuan ([茯砖茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/fu-zhuan-cha), *fúzhuānchá*), malinga ndi lipoti la 2019.

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi tiyi wina wobiriwira wakumpoto:**

* **Longshen Cha ([龙神茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/longshen-cha)) ndi Bikou Longjing (碧口龙井):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa kum’mwera kwa Gansu, wofotokozedwa m’gulu la zolemba; mzinda wa Bikou uli m’dera la Longnan Lücha.
* **Hanzhong Xian Hao ([汉中仙毫](https://thetea.app/ny/article/hanzhong-xian-hao)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa chigawo choyandikana nacho cha Shaanxi.
* **Ziyang Mao Jian ([紫阳毛尖](https://thetea.app/ny/article/ziyang-mao-jian)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa mbiri yakale wa m’boma la Ziyang ku Shaanxi.
* **Rizhao Lü Cha ([日照绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/rizhao-lucha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa Shandong, malire akumpoto chakum’mawa kwa ulimi wa tiyi wa China, monga Longnan ali malire akumpoto chakumadzulo.

**Pomaliza:**

Longnan Lücha ndi tiyi wa dera lokhalo la tiyi ku Gansu: matauni ndi midzi 13 pamalire a zigawo zitatu, mapiri otsika kuposa 1400 m, mtundu wa masamba ang’onoang’ono komanso mitundu yobzalidwa mwa cloning, masamba opapatiza ndi opota okhala ndi fungo la mtedza wa chestnut. Njira yopangira m’zofunikira za chitetezo ndi yongoyambira, koma dera limafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane kuposa mmene zimakhalira, mpaka m’mudzi, gulu ndi banja.