---
title: "Jǔnán lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/junan-lucha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Jǔnán lǜchá (莒南绿茶)

**Junan Lücha** (*Jǔnán lǜchá*, 莒南绿茶) ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa m’boma la Junan (莒南县) m’chigawo cha mzinda wa Linyi kumwera kwa chigawo cha Shandong, malo akumpoto kumene tiyi unazika mizu chifukwa cha kampeni ya «南茶北引» — «tiyi wakumwera — kupita kumpoto». Dzinali limatetezedwa kuyambira 2010, ndipo kuyambira 2025 lilinso ngati chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha geographical indication cha CNIPA. Zofunikira za chizindikiro zimalongosola maonekedwe atatu a tiyi — wopindika, wosanja, ndi wonga singano, ndipo pofotokoza fungo la mitundu yonse itatu akutchula kamvekedwe ka mtedza wa chestnut (栗香).

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*) — gululi latchulidwa m’dzinalo, ndipo zofunikira za chizindikiro zimalongosola tsamba lobiriwira ndi madzi obiriwira.
* **Gulu:** Dzina la boma lokhala ndi geographical indication pa maonekedwe atatu a tiyi; tiyi wobiriwira wakumpoto wa Shandong.
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Shandong (山东, *Shāndōng*), mzinda wa Linyi (临沂, *Línyí*), boma la Junan (莒南, *Jǔnán*).
* **Malo otetezedwa:** Malinga ndi zofunikira za CNIPA — maboma ndi matauni 13 a boma la Junan: Zhubian (洙边镇), Zhuanggang, Tuanlin, Zhulu, Fangqian, Wentuan, Pingshang, Laopo, Xianggou, Shizilu, Xiangdi, Tingshui ndi Shilianzi.
* **Malo ogwirira ntchito:** 118°33′–119°11′ kum’mawa, 35°06′–35°24′ kumpoto — malinga ndi zofunikira zomwezo.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Zaka za m’ma 1950.** Malinga ndi zolemba za m’deralo za 2021, mu 1956 mbande zoyamba 5,000 ku Shandong zinazizira ndi kufa, mu 1957 mbande ku Qingdao sizinaphule, ndipo mu 1959 boma la Juxian linafesa njere zopambana. Zolemba za 2026 zimatenga 1956 ngati chiyambi cha pulogalamuyo.
    * **1965–1969.** Malinga ndi zolemba zomwezo, m’chaka cha 1965 wogwira ntchito pa siteshoni ya nkhalango ya komiyuni ya Xianggou anabweretsa mitundu inayi kuchokera ku institute ya tiyi ku Hangzhou kuti ayese kubzala; m’nyengo yozizira ya 1966 malinga ndi dongosolo la chigawo cha Linyi, boma linayambitsa pulogalamu yake, ndipo mu 1969 minda yoyesera ya 81,3 mu inakhazikika kwathunthu.
    * **Zaka za m’ma 1970.** Institute ya tiyi ya China Academy of Agricultural Sciences inayesa tiyi wam’deralo ndi mawu akuti «叶片厚、耐冲泡、香气高、滋味浓» — «tsamba lakuda, limapirira kuthira madzi kambiri, fungo lapamwamba, kukoma kokhazikika». Kufotokozera kwina kumaika kuyesaku mu 1978; zolemba za m’deralo za 2021 sizimatchula tsiku, koma zimalemba za kuvomerezedwa kwa tiyi wochokera ku Zhubian mu 1971 ndi za chiwongolero cha minda mu 1978 — 15,386 mu.
    * **2010.** Pa 2 April, Ministry of Agriculture inalembetsa geographical indication yaulimi «莒南绿茶» (AGI00276); mwini malinga ndi chidule cholozera — boma center yofalitsa ukadaulo wa zipatso ndi tiyi.
    * **2025.** CNIPA mwa chilengezo №646 inavomereza «莒南绿茶» ngati chinthu chokhala ndi geographical indication; wopempha — boma center yofalitsa ukadaulo waulimi. Dzinali limakhalanso ndi chizindikiro cha geographical №19854035; mwini, malinga ndi chidule cha nsanja ya zizindikiro za geographical ya Shandong, — center yofufuza tiyi wobiriwira ya Zhuxi (莒南洙溪绿茶研究中心).
* **Dzina:** «Junan» (莒南) — dzina la boma, «lücha» (绿茶) — «tiyi wobiriwira».
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Malinga ndi zolemba za 2026, boma limatchedwa «中国茶叶之乡» — «kwawo kwa tiyi wa China»; zolemba za 2021 zimaika dzinali la 1996 ku tauni ya Zhubian. Pa 1–2 September 2026, m’bomali munachitika zochitika za chigawo zokumbukira zaka 70 za kampeni ya «南茶北引».

**3. Kufotokoza za Zomera ndi Zinthu Zopangira:**

* **Mitundu / Cultivars:** Malinga ndi zofunikira za CNIPA, zazikulu ndi Fuding Dabai (福鼎大白), Qimen Chuyeqi (祁门褚叶齐) ndi gulu la Huangshan (黄山群体); zothandizira — clones Longjing Changye (龙井长叶), Yingshuang (迎霜), Zhenong 139 (浙农139), Tieguanyin ([铁观音](https://thetea.app/ny/article/tie-guanyin)), Taicha 7 (台茶7号) ndi mbewu za Jiukeng (鸠坑). Zolemba za m’deralo za 2021 zimatchula gulu lina, kuphatikizapo Zhongcha 108 (中茶108), Longjing 43 (龙井43) ndi tsamba lachikasu Huangjin Ya (黄金芽).
* **Mulingo wa kuthyola:** Zofunikira zimalamula kuthyola malinga ndi mulingo, m’magulu ndi pa nthawi yoyenera, koma mulingo weniweniwo sunatchulidwe.
* **Nthawi yothyola:** Zofunikira za chizindikiro sizitchula nthawi. Malinga ndi zolemba za m’deralo za 2021, tiyi wa m’chaka wochokera m’minda yotseguka nthawi zambiri amatuluka pafupi ndi 25 April, ndipo kuthyola kumatha koyambirira kwa October — pafupifupi masiku 150, m’chaka, chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira.

**4. Terroir ndi Khalidwe la Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Kum’mawa kwa mapiri a Yimeng (沂蒙), pafupi ndi nyanja. Malinga ndi kufotokozera kolozera, minda imakhala makamaka pa mapiri kum’mawa ndi kumwera kwa boma, malo akuluakulu — Zhubian, Zhuanggang, Tuanlin ndi Zhulu.
* **Nyengo:** Malinga ndi kufotokozera kolozera — nyengo ya monsoon ya kontinenti yachinyezi ya dera lotentha pang’ono: 12,7 °C pachaka, masiku 198 opanda chisanu, maola 2458,9 a dzuwa ndi 856,5 mm ya mvula.
* **Kutalika kwa kulima:** Palibe deta yomwe inapezeka m’magwero.
* **Malo:** Malinga ndi zofunikira — dothi ndi madzi aukhondo, kutali ndi mafakitale ndi migodi.
* **Kusamalira munda malinga ndi zofunikira za CNIPA:** M’nthawi yophukira — kukumba mpaka pamtunda wamoyo wosachepera 80 cm; feteleza malinga ndi dongosolo la «一基三追多次喷» — feteleza wamkulu m’nthawi yophukira ndi kuwonjezera katatu pa nyengo; koyambirira kwa nyengo yozizira — «kuthirira kozizira» (越冬水), pa mvula — ngalande: mizu imaopa kukhala m’madzi.

**5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:**

Zofunikira za chizindikiro sizifotokoza ukadaulo: mulibe magawo a kukonza.

Ndondomeko yodziwika ya tiyi wobiriwira, osati kufotokoza kwenikweni kwa Junan Lücha: kuyala tsamba latsopano (摊放, *tānfàng*), kuletsa kutentha (杀青, *shāqīng*), kupindika kapena kuumba (揉捻, *róuniǎn*) ndi kuyanika (干燥, *gānzào*).

**6. Khalidwe la Kumva ndi Kuwona:**

Zofunikira za CNIPA zimalongosola maonekedwe atatu mosiyana.

* **Maonekedwe a tsamba louma:** Wopindika — zopindika zolimba zofanana, kuchokera kubiriwira kwa emerald mpaka kubiriwira kwakuda, popanda tsamba lachikasu ndi losweka. Wosanja — losalala, losanja ndi lowongoka, kuchokera kubiriwira kofewa mpaka kubiriwira kwachikasu. Wonga singano — losanja ndi lowongoka, lobiriwira lowala, lofanana.
* **Fungo la tsamba louma:** Palibe kufotokozera komwe kunapezeka m’magwero.
* **Fungo la madzi a tiyi:** Wopindika — lapamwamba, kuchokera ku kamvekedwe kofewa ka mtedza wa chestnut mpaka koyera. Wosanja — kamvekedwe kokhazikika ka mtedza wa chestnut. Wonga singano — kamvekedwe kapamwamba ndi kotalika ka mtedza wa chestnut.
* **Kukoma:** Wopindika — kokhazikika ndi kofewa (浓醇). Wosanja — kofewa ndi kodzaza (醇厚). Wonga singano — kwatsopano, kofewa, kotsitsimula (鲜醇爽口). Pasakhale kukoma kwachilendo.
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Kuchokera kubiriwira kofewa kowala mpaka kubiriwira kwachikasu kowala, popanda kukhala kwa mvumbi; kwa wonga singano — kubiriwira kofewa ndi kowonekera bwino.
* **Pansi pa tiyi (tsamba lophikidwa):** Kuchokera kubiriwira kofewa kowala mpaka kubiriwira kwachikasu, kwa wosanja — mpaka kuchikasu kowala; kwa wonga singano — kubiriwira kofewa, kowala ndi kofanana.

**7. Zomwe Zili M’kati mwa Mankhwala:**

Zofunikira za CNIPA zimaika miyeso ya fizikia ndi mankhwala (pa kulemera):

| Chizindikiro | Muyeso |
| :--- | :--- |
| Chinyezi | osapitirira 7,0 % |
| Phulusa lonse | osapitirira 7,5 % |
| Zing’onozing’ono ndi fumbi | osapitirira 6,0 % |
| Zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi | osachepera 34,0 % |
| Fiber yaiwisi | osapitirira 16,0 % |
| Phulusa losasungunuka mu asidi | osapitirira 1,0 % |
| Phulusa losungunuka m’madzi mu phulusa lonse | osachepera 45,0 % |

Zofunikira za chizindikiro sizimaika miyeso ya polyphenols, amino acids ndi caffeine. Database yolozera imatchula manambala a «kusanthula kwa biochemical» opanda tsiku, njira ndi gwero loyambirira; sindikuwatengera.

**8. Ubwino Wathanzi:**

Palibe deta yotsimikizika yokhudza mchitidwe wa tiyi umenewu.

**9. Kuthira Tiyi:**

Mchitidwe wa gulu la tiyi wobiriwira.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3 g pa 150 ml.
* **Chotengera:** Kapu yagalasi kapena gaiwan.
* **Ndondomeko:**
    1. Tenthetsa chotengera, ika tiyi ndipo thira madzi m’mbali mwa chotengera.
    2. Kuthira koyamba — pakatha masekondi 40–60.
    3. Imwa, kusiya madzi otsala pang’ono, ndipo wonjezerani madzi: mafotokozedwe amatsindika kuti tsamba lakuda limapirira kuthira madzi kambiri (耐冲泡).

**10. Kusunga:**

Mchitidwe wa gulu. Mu phukusi lotsekedwa bwino, mufiriji pa 0–5 °C, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo; ndibwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga:**

Palibe deta yokhudza mitengo yomwe inapezeka m’magwero. Manambala a makampani amasiyana: zolemba za m’deralo za 2021 zimatchula pafupifupi 80,000 mu ya minda, 2000 t pa chaka ndi 400 miliyoni yuan, zolemba za 2026 pa 80,000 mu zomwezo — 4000 t ndi 1 biliyoni yuan.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:**
    * Fufuzani chizindikiro chapadera cha geographical indication: malinga ndi zofunikira za CNIPA, chimaperekedwa kwa opanga ovomerezeka okha ochokera m’derali.
    * Onetsetsani kuti wopanga ndi wa ku umodzi mwa maboma ndi matauni 13 a boma la Junan.
    * Fananizani maonekedwe ndi zofunikira: popanda tsamba lachikasu ndi losweka, madzi opanda mvumbi, fungo — kuchokera ku mtedza wa chestnut mpaka koyera.
    * Kumbukirani kuti pansi pa dzinali pali maonekedwe atatu, ndipo tiyi wosanja si wonyenga wa wopindika.

**12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:**

* Chiwerengero cha mphotho chimasiyana: kufotokozera kolozera kumatchula mphotho 116 za mlingo wa chigawo ndi kupitilira (20 za dziko, 50 za chigawo), zolemba za m’deralo za 2021 — 262 (55 za dziko, 98 za chigawo).
* Malinga ndi zolemba za 2026, mu March chaka chomwecho boma linasaina mgwirizano wa chimango wa mgwirizano mu makampani a tiyi ndi mzinda wa Fuding (福鼎) m’chigawo cha Fujian; mtundu wa Fuding Dabai ndi wodziwika mu zofunikira za chizindikiro.

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi tiyi wina wobiriwira wa Shandong:**

* **Yimeng Yu Ya ([沂蒙玉芽](https://thetea.app/ny/article/yimeng-yu-ya)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wosanja wa boma lomwelo. Junan Lücha ndi wokulirapo: dzinali limateteza maonekedwe atatu, ndipo wosanja ndi umodzi wokha mwa iwo. Ponena za iye pamakhala mwambi wakuti «南有杭州龙井，北有沂蒙玉芽» — «kumwera kuli Longjing wa ku Hangzhou, kumpoto kuli Yimeng Yu Ya».
* **Yishui Lücha ([沂水绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/yishui-lucha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa boma la Yishui m’chigawo chomwecho cha Linyi pansi pa dzina lapadera; malo ake ali kumpoto, pafupifupi 35°36′–36°03′ kumpoto, ndipo sagwirizana ndi a Junan.
* **Rizhao Lü Cha ([日照绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/rizhao-lucha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa m’mphepete mwa nyanja wa Rizhao, woyandikana nawo, nayenso chipatso cha kampeni ya «南茶北引».
* **Laoshan Lü Cha ([崂山绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/laoshan-lucha)) ndi Jiaonan Lücha ([胶南绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/jiaonan-lucha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa m’mphepete mwa nyanja pafupi ndi Qingdao.

**Pomaliza:**

Junan Lücha ndi tiyi wobiriwira wakumpoto, womwe unamera kuchokera ku kulimbikira: pambuyo pa kubzala kolephera kwa zaka za m’ma 1950, boma kumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1960 linakwanitsa kulima minda yake ndipo pofika 1978 linaifikitsa mpaka 15,000 mu. Zofunikira za chizindikiro zimalongosola maonekedwe atatu, ndipo onse m’mafotokozedwe a fungo amatchulidwa kamvekedwe ka mtedza wa chestnut, ndipo kuyesa kwakale kwa institute ya tiyi — tsamba lakuda lomwe limapirira kuthira madzi kambiri.