---
title: "Jiǔgōngshān chá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/jiugongshan-cha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Jiǔgōngshān chá (九宫山茶)

**Jiǔgōngshān Chá** (*Jiǔgōngshān chá*, 九宫山茶) ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa kumapiri wa m’boma la Tongshan (通山县) m’chigawo cha Xianning (咸宁市) kum’mwera chakum’mawa kwa chigawo cha Hubei. Dera lotetezedwa ndi matauni asanu ndi maderawa pakati pa mapiri a Mufu (幕阜山脉): Phiri la Jiugongshan ndi mapiri ozungulira. Tiyiyu amapezeka m’maonekedwe awiri: lathyathyathya (扁形茶) ndi lopota (条形茶), lirilonse liri ndi njira yake yopangira. Kuyambira 2019, dzinali limatetezedwa ngati chizindikiro cha malo aulimi, ndipo kuyambira 2025 ngati chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Zofunikira pa chitetezo sizitchula gulu ndi mawu, koma njira zawo zonse ziwiri ndi za tiyi wobiriwira: ndi kukhazikika, popanda okosijeni ndi popanda kutenthetsa kwautali.
* **Gulu:** Tiyi wobiriwira wa kumapiri wa kum’mwera kwa Hubei, wathyathyathya ndi wopota; chizindikiro cha malo aulimi (2019) ndi chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo (2025).
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), mzinda wa Xianning (咸宁, *Xiánníng*), boma la Tongshan (通山, *Tōngshān*).
* **Dera lotetezedwa:** Matauni a Xiapu (厦铺镇), Chuangwang (闯王镇), Jiugongshan (九宫山镇), Honggang (洪港镇) ndi dera la Yangfanglin (杨芳林乡). Wopempha ndi bungwe la tiyi la Jiugongshan la boma la Tongshan (通山县九宫山茶叶协会).
* **Malo ogwirira ntchito:** 114°15′–114°58′ E, 29°19′–29°33′ N.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Zolemba zakale.** Kufotokozera kwaukalamba kumatchula zolemba za nthawi ya Jin zonena za kuthyola tiyi pa “Phiri la Wuchang” (入武昌山采茗) ndipo amakhulupirira kuti ili ndi Jiugongshan, koma uku ndi kutanthauzira, osati umboni wachindunji. Malinga ndi kufotokozera komweko, mu nthawi ya Song panali kachisi wa Chalyaoguan (茶寮观) pa phirili, ndipo “Kufotokozera kwa Phiri la Jiugongshan” (《九宫山志》) kumatchula malo a tiyi a ching chimodzi.
    * **Qing.** Boma la boma limagwira mawu kuchokera ku “Kufotokozera Kwakukulu kwa Huguang kwa nthawi ya Kangxi” (《康熙湖广通志》): “茶出通山者为上” — tiyi wochokera ku Tongshan ankaonedwa kuti ndi wabwino kwambiri.
    * **1958 ndi 1980.** Kufotokozera kwaukalamba kumanena za kupezeka kwa mbadwa za mitengo yakale ya tiyi.
    * **1996 ndi pambuyo pake.** Malinga ndi tsamba lofotokozera, mu 1996 anakhazikitsa malo a tiyi wa organic a “Jiugongshan Organic Tea” (九宫山[有机茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/youji-cha)); mitundu ya tiyiyu inalandira golide pa mipikisano ya Zhongcha Bei, Lu Yu Bei ndi Echa Bei, ndipo chizindikiro cha malonda cha “九宫山” mu 2011 chinazindikiridwa ngati chodziwika bwino ku China konse. Tsamba lomwelo likuti mu 2011 chizindikirocho chinalowa m’gulu la zana la mitundu yabwino kwambiri yokhazikika ya zinthu zaulimi m’dziko, ndipo satifiketi ya tiyi wa organic inalandiridwa khumi ndi zisanu motsatizana.
    * **2019.** Pa 17 January, Unduna wa Zaulimi ndi Zochitika Zakumidzi unateteza “九宫山茶” ngati chizindikiro cha malo aulimi (nambala AGI02564).
    * **2022.** Boma linanena kuti linalowa m’ndandanda wa madera akuluakulu opanga tiyi ku Hubei kwa chaka cha 2021; m’ndandandawu amalowamo madera omwe ali ndi tiyi osachepera 10,000 *mu*.
    * **2025.** Ndi chilengezo № 640 cha pa 16 July 2025 (chofalitsidwa 13 August), Bungwe la Dziko la Katundu wa Malingaliro linazindikira “九宫山茶” ngati chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo. Ndi chilengezo chomwechi komanso pa pempho la bungwe lomwelo, tiyi wofiira wa Tongshan Hongcha anazindikiridwa ndi dera lomwelo.
* **Dzina:** “Jiugongshan” (九宫山) ndi “phiri la mabwalo asanu ndi anayi,” dzina la phiri; 茶 ndi tiyi.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Kufotokozera kwaukalamba kumatchula mwambi wa m’deralo: banja lokhala ndi mitengo chikwi ya tiyi ndi mitengo chikwi ya mtengo wotchedwa tung limachotsa umphawi (家有千棵茶千棵桐，吃穿不受穷).

**3. Kufotokozera kwa Zomera ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mitundu / Zomera:** Malinga ndi zofunikira pa chitetezo — 鄂茶8 (*Èchá 8*), 五峰212 (*Wǔfēng 212*) ndi zina. Boma la boma (2022) limanena za mitundu yopitirira khumi, osatchula mayina.
* **Mfundo zothyola:** Zofunikira sizimapereka muyezo wa kuthyola koma mfundo zisanu zoyanjana: kutenga kuchokera pamwamba pa chisoti ndi kusunga maziko, kutenga pakati ndi kusunga mbali, mphukira zazitali — ndi kusunga zazifupi, zochuluka — ndi kusunga zosowa, zazikulu — ndi kusunga zazing’ono (采面养底、采中养侧、采高养低、采密养稀、采大养小).
* **Muyezo ndi nthawi yothyola:** Palibe deta mu magwero opezeka.

**4. Malo ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Kum’mwera chakum’mawa kwa Hubei, pakati pa mapiri a Mufu. Malinga ndi kufotokozera kwaukalamba, mtunda wa boma ndi “magulu asanu ndi atatu a mapiri, gawo limodzi la madzi, gawo limodzi la minda” (八山一水一分田), ndi kukwera ku kum’mwera chakumadzulo ndi kutsika ku kum’mawa.
* **Kutalika kwa kulima:** 400–900 m — malinga ndi zofunikira pa chitetezo.
* **Nthaka:** Malinga ndi zofunikira — dothi lamchenga lokhala ndi miyala yowola (风化石砂质壤) ndi dothi lachikasu-bulauni (黄棕壤) la chonde chapakati; organic matter pafupifupi 5.31%, nitrogen wamba 0.12%, phosphorous wosunthika 16–21 mg/kg, potaziyamu wosunthika 13 mg/kg, pH 4.5–5.5. Kufotokozera kwa dera pa portal ya Unduna wa Zamalonda, kodziwika kokha mwa kufotokozedwa, kumapereka potaziyamu 100–130 mg/kg; sichidziwika kuti nambala iti ili yoyenera. Tsamba lofotokozera za zinthu za m’deralo limalongosola nthaka ngati ya acidic yofiira-yachikasu pa miyala ya sandstone ndi slate, yodzaza ndi mchere ndi potaziyamu wosunthika.
* **Nyengo:** Malinga ndi kufotokozera kwaukalamba — mvula yambiri, kutentha ndi chinyezi, m’mawa ndi madzulo mapiri amakhala mu nkhungu. Palibe deta ya manambala.
* **Kubzala ndi kusamalira malinga ndi zofunikira:** Amabzala pafupi ndi phwando la Spring, osapitirira February, 5000–6000 mitengo pa *mu*. M’nyengo yozizira pa *mu* amaika 300 kg ya keke ya rapeseed kapena mtedza kapena 1000 kg ya manyowa ndi feteleza wa organic ndi phosphorous. Kudulira kowongolera kumachitika katatu.
* **Kukula:** Mu March 2022, boma linanena za 64,000 *mu* ya minda yachilengedwe, pafupifupi 43,000 *mu* yothyolamo ndipo mtengo wa zinthu umaposa 100 miliyoni yuan. Izi ndi ziwerengero za boma lonse, osati dera lotetezedwa. Maziko akuluakulu amatchulidwa ngati Yangfanglin, Jiugongshan, Xiapu ndi Yanxia (燕厦) — omaliza sali mu dera lotetezedwa. Mwa makampani okopeka, boma limatchula koyamba 湖北九宫山茶业股份有限公司.

**5. Njira Yopangira:**

Zofunikira pa chitetezo zimapereka njira ziwiri za magawo asanu ndi atatu.

* **Tiyi wathyathyathya (扁形茶, *biǎnxíngchá*):**
    1. Kufalitsa masamba atsopano (摊放, *tānfàng*).
    2. Kukhazikika (杀青, *shāqīng*).
    3. Kuzizira (冷却, *lěngquè*).
    4. Kuwongola masamba (理条, *lǐtiáo*).
    5. Kupondereza kukhala lathyathyathya (压扁, *yābiǎn*).
    6. Kumaliza mu mphika (煇锅, *huīguō*).
    7. Kusonkhanitsa kukhala gulu (归堆, *guīduī*).
    8. Kuyika m’mabokosi (装箱, *zhuāngxiāng*).
* **Tiyi wopota (条形茶, *tiáoxíngchá*):**
    1. Kufalitsa, kukhazikika, kuzizira — monga wa wathyathyathya.
    2. Kupota (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).
    3. Kuotcha kachiwiri (炒二青, *chǎo èrqīng*).
    4. Kubwezeretsa chinyezi (回潮, *huícháo*).
    5. Kuotcha mpaka kuwuma (炒干, *chǎogān*).
    6. Kusonkhanitsa kukhala gulu ndi kuyika.

Zolemba sizipereka kutentha kapena nthawi.

**6. Makhalidwe a Kumva ndi Kuona:**

Kufotokozera — malinga ndi zofunikira pa chitetezo, mosiyana kwa maonekedwe awiri.

* **Maonekedwe a masamba owuma:** Wathyathyathya — wathyathyathya ndi wowongoka (扁平挺直), wobiriwira wofewa, ubweya wabisala m’masamba (嫩绿隐毫). Wopota — wopota molimba ndi wolemera (条索紧结重实), mtundu wonyezimira (色泽油润).
* **Kununkhira kwa masamba owuma:** Palibe kufotokozera kosiyana mu magwero opezeka.
* **Kununkhira kwa madzi a tiyi:** Wathyathyathya — kokhazikika (香气持久). Wopota — kokhazikika kwa chestnut (栗香持久), kununkhira koyera kumafalikira mozungulira (清香四溢).
* **Kukoma:** Wathyathyathya — kwatsopano ndi kofewa, ndi kubwerera kotsekemera (滋味鲜醇回甘). Wopota — kofewa ndi kolemera (滋味醇厚); tsamba lofotokozera likuwonjezera kuti umapirira kuthira madzi kambiri.
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Wathyathyathya — wobiriwira ndi wowala (汤色绿亮). Kwa wopota palibe kufotokozera kosiyana.
* **Masamba pansi (masamba otenthedwa):** Wathyathyathya — wobiriwira wofewa ndi wowala (叶底嫩绿明亮). Wopota — wobiriwira ndi wowala (叶底绿亮).

Tsamba lofotokozera za zinthu za m’deralo limalongosola “mitambo tiyi wa phiri la Jiugongshan” (九宫山云雾茶): wopota molimba, wochepa thupi ndi wopota mokongola, madzi owonekera ndi owala, kununkhira kolemera, kukoma kotsekemera, masamba otenthedwa obiriwira wofewa ndi ofanana. Kaya dzinali limagwirizana ndi mbiri yotetezedwa, magwero satero.

**7. Zomwe Zili M’thupi:**

Zofunikira pa chitetezo cha 2025 zimapereka malire apansi:

| Chizindikiro | Zofunikira |
| :--- | :--- |
| Polyphenols a tiyi | osachepera 22.2% |
| Amino acid aulere | osachepera 2.7% |
| Zinthu zomwe zimasungunuka m’madzi | osachepera 42.4% |

Tsamba lofotokozera limapereka ziwerengero zotsika — 20%, 2.5% ndi 40%, mwina malinga ndi kusindikiza kwakale. Palibe deta za caffeine.

**8. Ubwino Wathanzi:**

Palibe deta yotsimikizika ya zotsatira za tiyi umenewu.

**9. Kuthira Madzi:**

Njira ya gulu la tiyi wobiriwira.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3 g pa 150 ml.
* **Zombo:** Galasi lagalasi kapena gaiwan yoyera.
* **Njira:**
    1. Kutenthetsa chombo.
    2. Kuyika tiyi ndi kuthira madzi m’mbali mwa chombo.
    3. Kuthira koyamba — pakatha masekondi 40–60.
    4. Kumwa, kusiya gawo lina la madzi.
    5. Kuthira madzi owonjezera.
    6. Kuthira kuwirikiza kawiri kapena katatu; tiyi wopota, malinga ndi kufotokozera, umapirira zambiri.

**10. Kusunga:**

Njira ya gulu. Mu phukusi lotsekedwa, m’firiji pa 0–5 °C, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo. Ndi bwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonamizira:**

Palibe deta za mitengo mu magwero opezeka.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonamizira:**
    * Kufunafuna chizindikiro cha chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo kapena chizindikiro cha malo aulimi.
    * Kutsimikizira kuti tiyi anapangidwa m’gawo limodzi la zigawo zisanu — Xiapu, Chuangwang, Jiugongshan, Honggang kapena Yangfanglin, osati kungoti mu boma la Tongshan.
    * Osasokoneza chizindikiro cha malonda cha “九宫山” ndi chizindikiro cha malo: chizindikiro ndi dzina la malonda, chizindikiro cha malo ndi dzina la malo ndi zofunikira pa chinthu.
    * Tiyi wathyathyathya ndi wobiriwira wofewa, ndi ubweya wobisala m’masamba; wopota ndi wolimba, wonyezimira, ndi kununkhira kwa chestnut.

**12. Zochititsa Chidwi:**

* Bungwe limodzi limakhala ndi mayina awiri otetezedwa ndi dera lomwelo — tiyi wobiriwira wa Jiugongshan Cha ndi tiyi wofiira wa Tongshan Hongcha, ndipo zofunikira za manambala a zakudya m’zofunikira zawo zinalembedwa mofanana.
* Pansi pa dzina limodzi amatetezedwa maonekedwe awiri ndi njira zosiyana — lathyathyathya ndi lopota.

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wina:**

* **Tongshan Hongcha ([通山红茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/tongshan-hongcha)):** Tiyi wofiira wa dera lomwelo ndi bungwe lomwelo.
* **Songfeng Lücha ([松峰绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/songfeng-lucha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa mzinda wa Chibi m’chigawo chomwecho cha Xianning.
* **Jiangxia Bifang ([江夏碧舫](https://thetea.app/ny/article/jiangxia-bifang)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wathyathyathya wa Wuhan — poyerekeza ndi maonekedwe athyathyathya.

**Pomaliza:**

Jiugongshan Cha ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa kumapiri wa kum’mwera kwa Hubei ndi minda pa utali wa 400–900 m mozungulira phiri la Taoist la Jiugongshan. Zolemba za chitetezo zimavomereza maonekedwe awiri: lathyathyathya, lobiriwira lofewa ndi kukoma kwatsopano kotsekemera, ndi lopota, lonyezimira, ndi kununkhira kwa chestnut. Kumbuyo kwa dzinali kuli zolemba zakale za tiyi wa Tongshan, malo a tiyi wa organic kuyambira 1996 ndi chitetezo cha 2019 ndi 2025.