---
title: "Jiàn'ōu shuǐxiān chá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/jian-ou-shuixian-cha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Jiàn'ōu shuǐxiān chá (建瓯水仙茶)

**Jian'ou Shuixian Cha** (*Jiàn'ōu shuǐxiān chá*, 建瓯[水仙](https://thetea.app/ny/article/shui-xian)茶) ndi ulong wochokera ku mtundu wa shuixian wa m’boma la Jian'ou (建瓯市) m’chigawo cha Nanping kumpoto kwa chigawo cha Fujian. Shuixian wa kumpoto kwa Fujian amagawidwa m’nthambi zitatu: ya Wuyishan, ya Jianyang, ndi ya Jian'ou, ndipo ya Jian'ou imagawidwanso kukhala Beiyuan, Nanlu, ndi Gaoshan. Kuyambira 2019, dzinali limatetezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha satifiketi ya geographical, cholembedwa pa katundu "水仙茶". Bukhu lofotokozera limalongosola tiyi ngati wopangidwa mwapakati, wokhala ndi masamba akulu obiriwira-bulauni onenepa, fungo la orchid, ndi mtundu wa madzi owoneka bwino wa lalanje-wachikasu. Jian'ou ndi gawo lalikulu la zopangira ulong, ndipo malinga ndi utsogoleri wakomweko, tiyi wake womalizidwa ndi wotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa wa Wuyishan.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Ulong (乌龙茶, *wūlóngchá*). Katundu wa chizindikiro walembedwa ngati "水仙茶"; bukhu lofotokozera limayika tiyi uyu m’gulu la ulong (乌龙茶类) ndi tiyi wopangidwa mwapakati. Kuchokera ku mtundu womwewo ku Jian'ou amapanganso tiyi woyera Shuixian Bai ([水仙白](https://thetea.app/ny/article/shuixian-bai)), koma ameneyo ndi katundu wosiyana.
* **Gulu:** Ulong wa kumpoto kwa Fujian (闽北, *Mǐnběi*) wochokera ku mtundu wa shuixian; chizindikiro cha satifiketi ya geographical (2019).
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Fujian (福建, *Fújiàn*), mzinda wa Nanping (南平, *Nánpíng*), boma la Jian'ou (建瓯, *Jiàn'ōu*).
* **Malo a chizindikiro:** Mndandanda wa chigawo umatchula Jian'ou ngati malo a mwini wake: Society for the Development of Special Products ya Jian'ou (建瓯市特色产品发展研究会). Sindinawone malire ovomerezeka a dera.
* **Njira yotetezera:** Chizindikiro cha satifiketi ya geographical CNIPA № 30317804, kalasi 30, katundu: 水仙茶; chinalembetsedwa pa 14 September 2019. M’ndandanda wa 30 June 2026, cholembetsacho chikugwira ntchito.
* **Mulingo wa gulu:** Kusaka kumapereka mulingo wa gulu T/JOTF 002—2021 "地理标志证明商标 建瓯水仙茶". Tsamba la kaundula wa miyezo ndilotsekedwa ndi mawu otsimikizira munthu, sindinawone malemba ake ndipo sindikutchula zofunikira zake.
* **Njira yoyandikira yotetezera:** Dera lonse la boma limaphimbidwa ndi chizindikiro cha geographical "[北苑贡茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/beiyuan-gongcha)", chovomerezedwa ndi CNIPA mu 2025; pakati pa mitundu yofunikira ndi shuixian ndi aijiao ulong. Awa ndi cholembetsa china cha wopempha wina.
* **Ma coordinates a geographical:** Malinga ndi zofunikira za chizindikiro "北苑贡茶", dera lake lomwe limafanana ndi boma, ndi 26°38′54″–27°20′26″ kumpoto kwa equator, 117°58′45″–118°57′11″ kummawa.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Kupezeka kwa mtundu ndi Jian'ou.** Malinga ndi "Mbiri ya Boma la Jian'ou" (《建瓯县志》, 1929) yolembedwa m’nyuzipepala ya chigawo cha Jianyang (2017), shuixian "amachokera ku phiri la Yancha pafupi ndi mudzi wa Dahu m’chigawo cha Xiaohu", kumene pafupi ndi phanga la Zhutaoxian (祝桃仙洞) anapeza chitsamba chonunkhira chofanana ndi tiyi, ndipo anakamuika m’munda. Nyuzipepala yomweyo imanena kuti Dahu m’mbiri inali m’madera olowera Jian'ou lero, ndipo m’chiyankhulo cha Jian'ou "祝仙" kuchokera ku dzina la phanga ndi "水仙" zimamveka mofanana. Tsopano Dahu ali m’tauni ya Xiaohu m’chigawo cha Jianyang; "Fujian ribao" (2025) ikutsimikizira kuti Xiaohu nthawi ina inali ya Jian'ou.
    * **Nthawi.** Nyuzipepala yomweyo ikupereka matembenuzidwe awiri: kuyambira kwa zaka za Daoguang ndi zaka za Daoguang zonse; "Mbiri ya Tauni ya Xiaohu" imakondera yoyamba, ndiko kuti zaka za m’ma 1820, poyerekezera ndi mbiri ya sitolo ya tiyi ya Jian'ou Zhan Jinpu (詹金圃茶庄), yomwe inabzala shuixian. Wikipedia ya Chitchaina ikutchula mwina ndi mawu kuchokera ku dikishonale ya culinary: m’chigawo cha Jianyang ndi Jian'ou chitsamba chimenecho chinalipo zaka chikwi zapitazo, ndipo kulima kwake kunayamba nthawi ya Kangxi. Sindinathe kuthetsa kusiyana kumeneko.
    * **Beiyuan.** Jian'ou ndi Jianzhou wakale. Malinga ndi nkhani ya pa intaneti ya Central People's Radio ya China (2024), mu 933 mapiri a tiyi a Beiyuan anaperekedwa ku ufumu wa Min kuti akhale dimba la nyumba yachifumu, ndipo kuyambira 977 khoti la Song loyamba linkayang'anira zowumitsira za kuno. Masiku ano tiyi yense wa boma amagulitsidwa pansi pa brand yodziwika "北苑贡茶"; pakati pa tiyi wosagwira wa brand, wailesi imatchula shuixian wa Jian'ou pafupi ndi Ai Jiao Ulong, meizhan, rougui ndi Shuixian Bai.
    * **2019.** Chizindikiro cha satifiketi "建瓯水仙茶" № 30317804 chinalembetsedwa, pambuyo pa chizindikiro cha tauni "[南路水仙](https://thetea.app/ny/article/nanlu-shuixian)" (2018).
* **Dzina:** "Jian'ou" (建瓯) ndi dzina la boma; "shuixian" (水仙, *shuǐxiān*) ndi dzina la mtundu, tanthauzo lake "mngelo wamadzi", momwe mu Chitchaina amatchulira narcissus; "cha" (茶) ndi tiyi.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** "Fujian ribao" (2025) imaika Jian'ou m’gulu la "maluwa asanu agolide" a shuixian pamodzi ndi Jianyang, Wuyishan, Zhangping ndi Yongchun, ndipo imanena kuti shuixian wa Jianyang ndi Jian'ou akupitiriza mzere wa tiyi wachifumu Beiyuan.

**3. Kufotokozera kwa Botanical ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mtundu:** Shuixian (水仙), shuixian wa Fujian. Malinga ndi "Fujian ribao" (2025), ndi mtengo wapakati (小[乔木](https://thetea.app/ny/article/qiaomuguanmu)型), wokhala ndi masamba akulu (大叶类), masamba okhuthala ndi onenepa, makamaka oyenera ulong; ndi triploid, amabzalidwa ndi cuttings ndi layering, masamba amatuluka mochedwa. Mu 1984 adavomerezedwa ngati mtundu wabwino wa boma "华茶9号" (GSCT9).
* **Nthawi yokolola:** Malinga ndi nyuzipepala ya chigawo cha Jianyang (2017), mtundu umatuluka mochedwa ndipo nthawi zambiri kukolola kumayamba pambuyo pa chikondwerero cha Qingming. Palibe nthawi zomwe zinapezeka m’magwero a chizindikiro.
* **Mulingo wa kukolola:** Sunapezeke wa chizindikiro. Mulingo wa boma wa ulong shuixian GB/T 30357.4—2015 umatchula zopangira monga masamba, "kuima" kwa mphukira (驻芽) ndi mphukira zachinyontho za mtundu: izi ndi zofunikira za kalasi.

**4. Terroir ndi Zochitika za Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Kumpoto kwa Fujian, chigawo cha Nanping, m’chigwa cha mtsinje wa Jianxi.
* **Kukula kwake:** Malinga ndi nkhani ya wailesi (2024), m’boma muli ma mu 141,000 a minda ya tiyi; pafupifupi 80% ya tiyi wosaphikidwa amagulidwa ndi kukonzedwa ndi makampani a tauni ya Xiaoqiao: kuposa matani 7,000 pachaka, makamaka opita ku Chaozhou, Shantou, Shenzhen, Yunxiao, Zhao'an ndi Zhangpu. Kuchuluka kwa shuixian mwa izi sikunatchulidwe.
* **Kutalika, dothi, nyengo:** Palibe deta ya dera la chizindikiro m’magwero opezeka.

**5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:**

Sindinawone ukadaulo wa chikalata cha chizindikiro. Mulingo wa boma GB/T 30357.4—2015 umapereka ndondomeko yotsatirayi ya ulong shuixian:

1.  **Kufota pang'ono (萎凋, *wěidiāo*).**
2.  **Kugwedeza ndi kuphika ndi mpweya (做青, *zuòqīng*).**
3.  **Kukhazikitsa (杀青, *shāqīng*).**
4.  **Kukulunga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
5.  **Kuyanika (烘干, *hōnggān*).**

Iyi ndi ndondomeko yodziwika ya kalasi, osati kufotokozera kwa shuixian wa Jian'ou; magwero sanatchule njira ya kuwotcha.

**6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:**

Sindinawone chikalata cha chizindikiro chofotokozera maonekedwe. Bukhu lofotokozera limalongosola shuixian wa Jian'ou motere: masamba akulu komanso olumikizana, obiriwira-bulauni, onenepa; madzi ake ndi a lalanje-wachikasu, owoneka bwino komanso owala; fungo la mtundu wa orchid; kukoma kwathunthu, ndi kutsekemera kobwerera (外形肥壮绿褐油润，汤色橙黄透亮，具有兰花[香型](https://thetea.app/ny/article/xiangxing)，滋味醇厚回甘). "Fujian ribao" (2025) mofananamo imalongosola "sukulu ya kukoma kwake" (本味系), yomwe imaphatikiza nthambi za Jian'ou: fungo loyera la orchid, kukoma kwathunthu, kofewa komanso kotsekemera.

* **Maonekedwe a masamba owuma:** Akulu komanso olumikizana, obiriwira-bulauni, onenepa (肥壮绿褐油润).
* **Fungo la masamba owuma:** Palibe mafotokozedwe m’magwero opezeka.
* **Fungo la madzi:** La mtundu wa orchid (兰花香型); nyuzipepala imanena fungo loyera la orchid (清雅的兰香).
* **Kukoma:** Kwathunthu, ndi kutsekemera kobwerera (醇厚回甘); malinga ndi nyuzipepala: kwathunthu, kofewa komanso kotsekemera (绵柔甜润).
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Lalanje-wachikasu, owoneka bwino komanso owala (橙黄透亮).
* **Pansi pa tiyi (masamba ophikidwa):** Palibe mafotokozedwe m’magwero opezeka. Kwa mlingo wapamwamba wa shuixian wokulungidwa, mulingo GB/T 30357.4—2015 umafuna masamba okhuthala, ofewa, owala (肥厚软亮): izi ndi zofunikira za ulong wochokera ku mtundu wonse, osati za chizindikiro.

**7. Kapangidwe ka Chemical:**

Palibe deta ya physicochemical ya katundu pansi pa chizindikiro m’magwero opezeka.

**8. Zopindulitsa:**

Palibe umboni wotsimikizika wa zochita za tiyi uyu.

**9. Kuphika:**

Njira ya kalasi ya ulong kuchokera ku mtundu wa masamba akulu.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 95–100 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 7–8 g pa gaiwan ya 110 ml.
* **Zida:** Gaiwan kapena mtsuko wadongo.
* **Ndondomeko:**
    1. Tenthetsa zida ndikutsuka masamba mwachidule.
    2. Maphikidwe oyamba: 15–30 masekondi.
    3. Wonjezerani nthawi ndi kutsanulira kulikonse.
    4. Maphikidwe asanu kapena asanu ndi awiri.

**10. Kusunga:**

Njira ya kalasi. M’chidebe chotsekedwa bwino, pamalo owuma ozizira, opanda kuwala ndi fungo lina.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zabodza:**

Palibe deta ya mitengo ya shuixian wa Jian'ou m’magwero opezeka. Malinga ndi nkhani ya wailesi (2024), utsogoleri wa tauni ya Xiaoqiao umatchula tiyi womalizidwa wa Jian'ou kuti ndi wotsika mtengo komanso wotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa wa Wuyishan, ndipo amafotokoza kusiyana kwake chifukwa chakuti anthu sadziwa kwenikweni za khalidwe lake.

* **Momwe mungapewere zabodza:**
    * Fufuzani chizindikiro "建瓯水仙茶" № 30317804 ndi wopanga wochokera ku Jian'ou.
    * Kumbukirani kuti shuixian ndi dzina la mtundu womwe umamera ku Fujian yense; malo amatsimikizira chizindikiro chokha.
    * Osasokoneza chizindikiro cha boma lonse ndi cha tauni "南路水仙" № 20516889: awa ndi zizindikiro zosiyana za eni ake osiyana.
    * Fufuzani kalasi: ku Jian'ou kuchokera ku shuixian amapanganso tiyi woyera.

**12. Zochititsa chidwi:**

* Nyuzipepala ya chigawo cha Jianyang, pofotokoza za kupezeka kwa mtundu m’dera lake, imagwira mawu mbiri ya boma loyandikana nalo Jian'ou.
* M’boma limodzi, shuixian ali ndi zizindikiro ziwiri: cha boma lonse cha 2019 ndi cha tauni "南路水仙" cha 2018.
* Pafupifupi 80% ya tiyi wosaphikidwa wa boma, malinga ndi wailesi, amadutsa m’makampani a tauni imodzi: Xiaoqiao.

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi tiyi wina wa mtundu wa shuixian:**

* **Nanlu Shuixian (南路水仙):** Nthambi yakumwera ya shuixian wa Jian'ou yokhala ndi chizindikiro chake cha tauni.
* **Xiaohu Shuixian ([小湖水仙](https://thetea.app/ny/article/xiaohu-shuixian)) ndi Jianyang Shuixian ([建阳水仙](https://thetea.app/ny/article/jianyang-shuixian)):** Zizindikiro za Jianyang yoyandikana, kumene tsopano kuli malo opezeka mtundu.
* **Wuyi Yancha ([武夷岩茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/wuyi-yancha)):** Shuixian wa Wuyishan ndi tiyi wamwala wokhala ndi kutsindika pa kuwotcha.
* **Zhangping Shuixian ([漳平水仙](https://thetea.app/ny/article/zhangping-shui-xian)):** Ulong wa kumwera kwa Fujian wa mtundu womwewo, woponderezedwa m’mabwalo.
* **Shuixian Bai (水仙白):** Tiyi woyera wa mtundu womwewo, wopangidwanso ku Jian'ou.
* **Ai Jiao Ulong ([矮脚乌龙](https://thetea.app/ny/article/ai-jiao-wulong)):** Ulong wina wa ku Jian'ou, wa mtundu wina.
* **Beiyuan Gongcha (北苑贡茶):** Chizindikiro cha geographical cha 2025 cha tiyi wa boma lonse la Jian'ou kuchokera ku mitundu shuixian, aijiao ulong ndi ina; dzinalo linachokera ku tiyi wachifumu Beiyuan.

**Pomaliza:**

Jian'ou Shuixian Cha ndi chizindikiro cha boma lonse cha ulong kuchokera ku mtundu womwe mbiri yake yoyamba ya kupezeka imasungidwa ndi mbiri ya Jian'ou. Bukhu lofotokozera limalongosola masamba obiriwira-bulauni onenepa, fungo la orchid ndi madzi a lalanje-wachikasu; sindinawone chikalata cha chizindikiro chomwe chingatsimikizire kufotokozera kumeneku. Chodalirika ndi china: chizindikiro cha 2019, mwini wake wochokera ku boma, ndi boma lomwe limalima zopangira za ulong kutali kupitirira malire ake.