---
title: "guìhuā wūlóng"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/guihuawulong
lang: ny
updated: 2026-09-23
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# guìhuā wūlóng (桂花乌龙)

Osmanthus oolong ndi tiyi wofala kwambiri mwa tiyi wodzazidwa ndi fungo la osmanthus. Mwalamulo amagawidwa ngati tiyi wokonzedwanso (再加工茶, *zàijiāgōng chá*) — gulu lachisanu ndi chiwiri la gulu la magulu, lomwe lili kunja kwa magulu asanu ndi limodzi oyambirira, ndipo mkati mwake ndi tiyi wamaluwa (花茶, *huāchá*). Kwenikweni, uwu ndi banja la zinthu zosiyana kwambiri zomwe zimangofanana ndi dzina lokha: pansi pa chizindikiro chimodzi pamagulitsidwa tiyi wodzazidwa ndi duwa lamoyo, ndi oolong wokhala ndi kamvekedwe kachilengedwe ka osmanthus popanda duwa limodzi m'ndandanda, ndi tsamba lokonzedwa ndi chokometsera chakudya. Kudziwa chomwe chili m'paketi nthawi zambiri kumatha kuchitika pokhapokha mwa kufotokozera ukadaulo, osati pa chithunzi kapena kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'ono tagolide m'tsamba louma.

## Chifukwa chake maziko a oolong amachita mosiyana

Dongosolo lachikale la tiyi wamaluwa limamangidwa mozungulira jasmine, ndipo maziko ake ndi chisamulo chobiriwira chouma (烘青绿茶, *hōngqīng lǜchá*). Tsamba lotere ndi lotakasuka, lopindika, lokhala ndi fungo lochepa; limagwira ntchito ngati siponji ndipo pambuyo pa mikombero ingapo ya kudzaza limalandira fungo lachilendo mozama kwambiri kotero kuti jasmine imasiya kuwoneka ngati chowonjezera ndipo imakhala thupi la chakumwa chenichenicho. Mu muyezo wa tiyi wa jasmine, mfundo imeneyi imalembedwa mwachindunji: giredi imamangidwa ku chiwerengero cha kudzaza ndi ku mlingo wa kugwiritsa ntchito duwa pa chisamulo, ndipo duwa louma lotsalira limayesedwa "lochepa, ndibwino", chifukwa jasmine wotha ntchito amachotsedwa m'gululo.

Chisamulo cha oolong (乌龙坯, *wūlóng pī*) chimapangidwa mosiyana. Tsamba ndi lolimba, lopindika kukhala mpira kapena mzere wolimba, lomwe ladutsa mu okosijeni pang'ono ndipo, nthawi zambiri, kukazinga (焙火, *bèihuǒ*). Kapangidwe ka ma cell ndi kofinyidwa, pamwamba ndi kochepa, ndipo mbiri yake yafungo yapangidwa kale ndipo sichitha. Kuchokera apa pamabwera zinthu ziwiri zothandiza. Choyamba, fungo lachilendo limatengedwa pang'onopang'ono komanso mochepa: kuwonetsedwa komweko kwa duwa kumapereka zotsatira zochepa kwambiri pa oolong kuposa pa chisamulo chobiriwira. Chachiwiri — ndipo ichi ndi chofunikira — zotsatira sizimamveka ngati "fungo pamwamba pa tiyi", koma ngati mizere iwiri yoyenda pafupi. Oolong amasunga thupi lake lokazingidwa, la mineral kapena la kirimu-mtedza, ndipo osmanthus amawerengedwa ngati mzere wosiyana wotsekemera wa zipatso, nthawi zina akulukira mmenemo, nthawi zina akupita ku kukoma kwotsatira. Oolong wabwino wa osmanthus amadziwika ndi izi: duwa silimaphimba tiyi ndipo silimadziyesa ngati iwo.

Kuchokera apa pamabweranso cholakwika chofala cha kupanga: ngati pa oolong muika duwa ndi mphamvu yomweyo yomwe imayikidwapo pa chisamulo chobiriwira, simupeza tiyi wodzazidwa, koma mkangano — pamwamba pafuta lamaluwa pamaziko okazingidwa, lomwe limagwa kale pa chithiriro chachiwiri.

## Ndi zisamulo ziti zomwe zimayenda pansi pa dzina limeneli

Pansi pa dzina lakuti 桂花乌龙 pamsewu pamapezeka maziko awiri osiyana kwambiri.

**Oolong wopindika mipira wa fermentation yapakati.** Njira yofala kwambiri: nthawi zambiri ndi chisamulo cha ku Fujian kapena Guangdong cha mlingo wapakati wa okosijeni, ndi kukazinga pang'ono. Tsamba lotere limapereka maziko osalowerera a kirimu-maluwa, pomwe osmanthus amamveka mopepuka — apurikoti, khungu la pichesi, uchi. Madzi nthawi zambiri amakhala agolide owala, thupi lapakati, mzere wamaluwa umawonekera kwambiri ndipo umatha msanga pambuyo pa chithiriro chachinayi kapena chachisanu.

**Tieguanyin wachikhalidwe.** Uwu ndi mzere wosiyana. Mu mndandanda wa m'modzi mwa opereka kwathu walembedwa kuti 传统工艺桂花香铁观音 (*chuántǒng gōngyì guìhuā xiāng tiěguānyīn*), kutanthauza "tieguanyin wa ukadaulo wachikhalidwe wokhala ndi fungo la osmanthus". Umo wachikhalidwe umatanthauza mlingo wapamwamba wa okosijeni komanso kukazinga kwakukulu kuposa kalembedwe kamakono ka "kobiriwira". Pa maziko oterowo duwa limamveka mwakuda: osati kamvekedwe katsopano kamaluwa, koma apurikoti wouma, chipatso chotsekemera, nthawi zina — persimmon wouma. Madzi ndi akuda, thupi ndi lolimba, fungo lamaluwa limakhala nthawi yayitali, koma silikuwuluka, koma limagona mkati mwa thupi lokazingidwa.

Kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi ndi kwakukulu kuposa kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yambiri yoyandikana mkati mwa banja limodzi la oolong, ndipo kuyenera kuganiziridwa posankha: izi kwenikweni ndi zakumwa zosiyana, osati "tiyi womwewo wotsika mtengo kapena wokwera mtengo".

## Zinthu zitatu zosiyana pansi pa dzina limodzi

Ili ndi gawo lofunikira kuti mumvetsetse msika. "Osmanthus oolong" angatanthauze zinthu zitatu zosiyana kwenikweni.

**1. Kudzaza ndi duwa lamoyo (窨制, *yìnzhì*).** Maziko a ukadaulo wa dongosolo lonse la tiyi wamaluwa. Duwa losonkhedwa kumene limasakanizidwa ndi chisamulo cha tiyi, kusungidwa nthawi inayake, kuyang'anira kutentha m'mulu, kenako duwa limachotsedwa, tiyi amawumitsidwa — ndipo ngati kuli kofunikira, mkomerowo umabwerezedwa. Zinthu zafungo zimasamukira m'tsamba mwakuthupi, kuchokera ku duwa lamoyo, pakupuma kwake. Umo ndi umene umatanthauzira chinthucho mu muyezo wa makampani.

**2. Kamvekedwe kachilengedwe ka osmanthus ka tsamba.** Apa palibe duwa konse — ngakhale limodzi. Tikulankhula za fungo lamtundu ndi la ukadaulo lomwe limadziwika ngati osmanthus. Chinsinsi cha kuzindikira ndi chilembo 香 (*xiāng*, "fungo") pakati pa dzina: 桂花香单丛 (*guìhuā xiāng dāncóng*), 桂花香乌龙 (*guìhuā xiāng wūlóng*), 桂花香铁观音. Kapangidwe ka "duwa + 香 + mtundu" mu mndandanda wa mayina a tiyi waku China sikutanthauza zopangidwa, koma kufotokozera fungo: tiyi wonunkhira ngati osmanthus, osati tiyi wokhala ndi osmanthus. Kwa fenghuang dancong, iyi ndi njira yodziwika yotchulira mitundu yafungo — mwa duwa, chipatso kapena uchi, momwe mbiri ya chitsamba imafanana. Kusowa kwa 香 pakati — 桂花乌龙 — kumasonyeza kudzaza, koma kumangosonyeza chabe: dzina siliri chitsimikizo, ndipo opanga amalemba mosiyanasiyana.

Vuto lina: tieguanyin wa ukadaulo wachikhalidwe atha nthawi imodzi kukhala ndi kamvekedwe kachilengedwe ka "osmanthus" m'fungo ndikukhala wodzazidwa ndi duwa lenileni. Dzina m'mikhalidwe yonse iwiri limawoneka lofanana.

**3. Chokometsera chakudya.** Njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri: pa tsamba lomalizidwa amayika chokometsera chafungo, nthawi zina akuwonjezera duwa louma kuti liwonekere. Chinthu chotere sichikugwirizana ndi tanthauzo la tiyi wamaluwa mu muyezo — kumeneko kwalembedwa mwachindunji "kudzaza ndi duwa lamoyo". Nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi kusagwirizana: fungo lamphamvu kwambiri, losasintha, lokhazikika la tsamba louma lomwe silisintha kwenikweni kuchokera pa chithiriro chimodzi kupita ku china ndipo limakhala lofanana pa kutentha kulikonse kwa madzi; nthawi zambiri — kutsekemera kochuluka kwa "maswiti" ndi kumva kuti fungo limakhala m'mphuno mosiyana ndi kukoma m'kamwa. Palibe mayeso odalirika apakhomo, kuyesa kwa labotale kwa zonunkhira zopangidwa ndi kotheka, koma sikukupezeka m'malonda ogulitsa.

## Maluwa m'tiyi: zomwe siziyenera kukhala m'paketi

Chikhulupiriro chokhazikika cha ogula ndi chakuti pamene tiyi alili ndi tinthu tating'ono tagolide tambiri, ndiye kuti ndi wabwino. Mu tiyi wodzazidwa weniweni maluwa alibe pafupifupi: duwa lotha ntchito limapereka fungo lake ndipo pambuyo pake limakhala cholemetsa — ndi chonyowa, chimachita okosijeni, chimawonjezera kamvekedwe kaudzu ndi kuvunda m'madzi. Chifukwa chake amachotsedwa. Mu muyezo wa tiyi wa jasmine, mfundo imeneyi yalembedwa mwachindunji ngati muyeso wa duwa louma lotsalira, pomwe mtengo wochepa umafanana ndi giredi yapamwamba.

Kuchuluka kwa tinthu tagolide m'osmanthus oolong womalizidwa nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza kuwonjezera duwa louma pambuyo pa kupanga — chifukwa cha maonekedwe, ndipo nthawi zina kuti abise kufooka kwa kudzaza komweko kapena kulimbitsa chokometsera. Kuwonjezera kwake si chinyengo ndipo kutha kufotokozedwa moona mtima (nthawi zonse ndi kusakaniza tiyi ndi duwa louma), koma sichizindikiro cha khalidwe labwino ndipo sichilowa m'malo mwa 窨制.

Ndikofunikanso kukumbukira kuti maluwa owuma a osmanthus ndi chinthu chodziyimira pawokha, cholowa m'malo mwa tiyi (代用茶, *dàiyòng chá*), chomwe mulibe tsamba la Camellia sinensis konse. Kusokonezeka pakati pa "maluwa a osmanthus" ndi "tiyi wokhala ndi osmanthus" m'masitolo kumachitika pafupipafupi.

## Mitundu ya osmanthus

Mkati mwa mtundu wa Osmanthus fragrans mwachikhalidwe amasiyanitsa magulu anayi a mitundu ya munda. Kwa tiyi siofanana.

| Gulu la mtundu | Pinyin | Duwa | Zomwe zimapereka m'tiyi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 金桂 | *jīnguì* | achikasu, agolide | fungo lodzaza kwambiri ndi "lakuda"; gulu lofunika kwambiri pa kudzaza ndi kuumitsa |
| 银桂 | *yínguì* | oyera mpaka otumbuluka achikasu | ofewa, owala, kamvekedwe kocheperako |
| 丹桂 | *dānguì* | orenji-kufiira | mtundu wowala, mbiri yowonekera koma "yolemera" kwambiri |
| 四季桂 | *sìjìguì* | otumbuluka, amaphuka kangapo pachaka | fungo nthawi zambiri lofooka; phindu lake ndi maluwa a nthawi yayitali, osati mphamvu yake |

Kamvekedwe ka apurikoti-pichesi kolingana ndi osmanthus kamagwirizanitsidwa makamaka ndi ma lactones (makamaka γ-decalactone), ndipo kamvekedwe ka violet — ndi β-ionone; linalool ndi ma oxide ake amapereka mbali ya maluwa yeniyeni. Chiyero cha zinthu izi chimasiyana malinga ndi gulu la mitundu, dera ndi njira yokonza duwa, chifukwa magawo amasiyana kwambiri ngakhale ndi chizindikiro chofanana.

## Malo ndi nyengo

Malo akuluakulu osonkhanitsira duwa la tiyi ndi Guilin (桂林, *Guìlín*) ku Guangxi ndi Xianning (咸宁, *Xiánníng*) ku Hubei. Dzina la Guilin kwenikweni limatanthauza "nkhalango ya osmanthus", ndipo kugwirizana kwa mzindawu ndi mbewuyi kumatsimikiziridwa ponse paŵiri, mwa dzina ndi mwaulimi. Xianning imakhala malo achiwiri akuluakulu olima. Ku Hangzhou amadziwika minda ya osmanthus ya Manjuelong (满觉陇, *Mǎnjuélǒng*), koma kufunika kwawo ndi kwachikhalidwe ndi zokopa alendo, osati kwa zipangizo. Suzhou mwakale imagwirizana ndi tiyi wamaluwa yense ndipo imatchulidwa m'mafotokozedwe a mitundu ya osmanthus pamodzi ndi jasmine.

Nyengo pano ndi yokhwima kuposa ya jasmine. Osmanthus imaphuka m'dzinja, ndipo nthawi yogwira ntchito ya maluwa ochuluka ndi pafupifupi masabata awiri kapena atatu; nyengo yoipa imachepetsa kwambiri. Duwa ndi laling'ono, limagwedezeka pa nsalu kapena maukonde otambasulidwa ndipo nthawi yomweyo limasankhidwa: limafota msanga, ndipo pamodzi ndi kufota kumatulukanso fungo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pulogalamu yonse ya pachaka ya kudzaza imadalira masabata angapo a m'dzinja, ndipo magulu a tiyi wa osmanthus amamangidwa ku chaka chenicheni cha kusonkhanitsa duwa mwamphamvu kwambiri kuposa ma oolong ambiri. Izi zikufotokozanso chifukwa chake kuperekedwa kumasinthasintha nyengo ndi nyengo komanso chifukwa chake mtengo wa zipangizo zamaluwa umasinthasintha kwambiri.

Chisamulo nthawi yomweyo sichiyenera kukhala cha m'dzinja: maziko a oolong amakonzedwa malinga ndi kalendala yawo, ndipo kuphatikiza kwa "tsamba la masika — duwa la m'dzinja" ndi kwabwinobwino.

## 窨次 ngati giredi la msika

Chiwerengero cha mikombero ya kudzaza (窨次, *yìncì*) ndi chizindikiro chodziwika kwambiri pamsika cha "kuzama" kwa tiyi wamaluwa: "kudzaza katatu", "kudzaza kasanu", "kudzaza kasanu ndi chimodzi ndi kuyika komaliza". Kwa tiyi wa jasmine, mzere uwu wakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo: muyezo wa dziko umakhazikitsa malinga a kugwiritsa ntchito duwa pa chigawo cha chisamulo mwa magiredi, ndipo mitundu yapamwamba imaganizira kudzaza mobwerezabwereza.

Kwa tiyi wa osmanthus, mkhalidwe ndi wosiyana: muyezo wa makampani suchulukitsa kudzaza konse. Chifukwa chake "五窨" pa paketi ya osmanthus oolong ndi mawu amalonda a wogulitsa, osati gulu la malamulo. Atha kukhala owona ndipo atha kuwonetsa kusiyana kwenikweni kwa mtengo, koma sikutheka kutsimikizira mwa chikalata, ndipo kufanizira "kudzaza kasanu" kwa opanga awiri osiyana kulibe tanthauzo: kutalika kwa mkomerowo, mlingo wa duwa ndi mtundu wa chisamulo zimasiyana.

Kwa chisamulo cha oolong, sikelo iyi imagwira ntchito mochepa kwambiri kuposa kwa kobiriwira, — pa chifukwa chomwe tafotokoza pamwambapa: tsamba lolimba lokazingidwa limatenga fungo pang'onopang'ono, ndipo chiwerengero cha mikombero sichimatanthauza mwachindunji mphamvu yake.

## Muyezo: GH/T 1117-2022 《桂花茶》

Palibe muyezo wa dziko GB/T wa tiyi wa osmanthus. Muyezo wa makampani GH/T 1117-2022 《桂花茶》 (Osmanthus fragrans flower scented tea), woperekedwa ndi All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives (中华全国供销合作总社); kugwirizana kwa mabungwe — National Technical Committee on Tea Standardization SAC/TC339. Chikalatacho chinasindikizidwa pa 9 February 2023, chinayamba kugwira ntchito pa 1 March 2023 ndipo chinalowa m'malo mwa kusindikiza kwa GH/T 1117-2015. Bungwe lotsogolera lopanga ndi Hangzhou Tea Research Institute ya All-China Federation of Cooperatives, pakati pa opanga nawo pali mabungwe angapo a Zhejiang ndi mabungwe a mizinda.

**Tanthauzo (ndime 3.1).** Tiyi wa osmanthus ndi chinthu chopangidwa kuchokera ku tiyi wobiriwira, wofiira, wa oolong, woyera ndi ofanana nawo monga zipangizo mwa kukonza tsamba, kudzaza ndi duwa lamoyo latsopano la osmanthus ndi kuumitsa. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika: muyezo umalola mwachindunji chisamulo cha oolong (mosiyana ndi muyezo wa tiyi wa jasmine, pomwe maziko ndi chisamulo chobiriwira), ndipo nthawi yomweyo umafuna mwachindunji duwa lamoyo. Chinthu chopangidwa ndi chokometsera sichikugwirizana ndi tanthauzo limeneli.

**Kugawa (gawo 4).** Mwa mtundu wa maziko: 桂花绿茶, 桂花红茶, 桂花乌龙茶, 桂花白茶 ndi ofanana nawo. Zofunikira pa maziko omwe amazitchula ku miyezo yofanana ya zinthu — kwa oolong ndi GB/T 30357.1 "Oolong tea. Part 1: basic requirements".

**Magiredi (ndime 5.2).** Magawo anayi — 特级, 一级, 二级, 三级 — amasiyana kokha ndi mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa fungo la osmanthus, mwa organoleptic ya khalidwe lamkati:

| Giredi | Kafotokozedwe ka fungo |
|---|---|
| 特级 (wapamwamba) | fungo la osmanthus ndi lakuda, latsopano ndi lamoyo, lokhazikika; m'madzi limawonekera momveka |
| 一级 (woyamba) | fungo la osmanthus ndi lakuda mokwanira ndi lokhazikika; m'madzi lilipo |
| 二级 (wachiwiri) | fungo la osmanthus ndi lakuda ndi loyera; m'madzi limamveka pang'ono |
| 三级 (wachitatu) | fungo la osmanthus lidakali lakuda mokwanira |

Ndikofunikira kuti kusindikiza kwa 2022 kunachotsa zofunikira zakale za organoleptic zonse (maonekedwe, madzi, tsamba) ndikusiya kuwongolera kokha pa fungo.

**Zizindikiro za physicochemical (ndime 5.3).** Zinthu zinayi zimayesedwa:

| Chizindikiro | Muyezo |
|---|---|
| Chinyezi | ≤ 8.0 g/100 g |
| Phulusa lonse (pamlingo wa chinthu chouma) | ≤ 6.5 g/100 g |
| Zotulutsa m'madzi (gawo la misa) | ≥ 32.0 % |
| Fumbi (gawo la misa) | ≤ 1.0 % |

Njira: chinyezi — GB 5009.3, phulusa — GB 5009.4, zotulutsa m'madzi — GB/T 8305, fumbi — GB/T 8311; organoleptic — GB/T 23776. Zonyansa — malinga ndi GB 2762, zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo — malinga ndi GB 2763. Kusunga — malinga ndi GB/T 30375.

**Zomwe mulibe mu muyezo.** Kusowa kuwiri n'kofunika kumvetsetsa msika.

Choyamba, chiwerengero cha kudzaza 窨次 sichimayesedwa konse — ngati osi ngati mzere wa giredi, osati ngati mtengo wodziwitsa. Palibe chofanana ndi zowonjezera zomwe zili mu muyezo wa tiyi wa jasmine.

Chachiwiri, chizindikiro cha gawo la duwa louma (花干, *huāgān*) mu kusindikiza kwa 2022 chinachotsedwa: chinalipo mu zofunikira za physicochemical za mtundu wa 2015 pamodzi ndi njira yoyezera mu zowonjezera A, ndipo mu kusindikiza kwatsopano anachotsedwa onse awiri, muyezo ndi njira. Ndiko kuti, malinga ndi muyezo wogwira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa maluwa owuma mu tiyi wa osmanthus kulibe malire mwalamulo. Mfundo ya ukadaulo, malinga ndi yomwe duwa lotha ntchito limachotsedwa, sichisintha, koma chithandizo chalamulo mu chikalatachi kulibenso.

## Kukoma ndi kutentha

Mbiri imadalira makamaka pa maziko. Pa fermentation yapakati ndi kukazinga kopepuka — madzi owala, thupi la kirimu-maluwa, osmanthus ngati apurikoti watsopano ndi uchi, kukoma kwotsatira kwa maluwa momveka. Pa tieguanyin wa ukadaulo wachikhalidwe — madzi akuda kwambiri, kutsekemera kokazingidwa, kamvekedwe ka zipatso zouma, duwa pafupi ndi apurikoti wouma ndi chipatso chotsekemera, kukoma kwotsatira kotalika komanso "kolimba".

Malangizo a kutentha:

- **Madzi:** 90–95 °C. Madzi otentha kwambiri pa maziko owala amapondereza mzere wamaluwa ndikutulutsa kuwawa; pa tieguanyin wokazingidwa kwambiri malire apamwamba ndi oyenera kwambiri.
- **Zida:** gaiwan ndi yabwino kuposa dongo la Yixing. Dongo lopindika limamwa zinthu zafungo ndipo kenako limazipereka ku kutentha kotsatira — osmanthus amasamukira ku tiyi wina, ndipo mbale yokha imayamba "kuphuka maluwa" ndi fungo lachilendo lokhazikika. Ngati dongo likugwiritsidwabe ntchito, n'koyenera kulisunga lokha pa tiyi wamaluwa. Porcelain, galasi ndi ceramics zopakidwa glaze sizilowerera.
- **Mlingo ndi nthawi:** wamba kwa ma oolong; zithiriro zoyamba zazifupi, kenako kuwonjezera. Mbali yamaluwa imatha msanga kuposa ya tiyi — nthawi zambiri pofika chithiriro chachinayi kapena chachisanu ndi chimodzi, madzi amakhala oolong opanda osmanthus wowonekera. Izi ndi zachibadwa ndipo sizizindikiro za tiyi woipa; m'malo mwake, fungo lomwe silimachepa pa nthawi yonse ya gawo nthawi zambiri limasonyeza chokometsera.
- **Kusunga:** mwamphamvu, popanda kuwala, kutentha ndi fungo lachilendo; mosiyana ndi tiyi wina. Zinthu zosaletseka za duwa zimatayika msanga, ndipo tiyi wa osmanthus umakalamba m'fungo mwachangu kwambiri kuposa oolong woyambirira.

## Zomwe nkhaniyi sikunena

- Sikunenedwa kuti dzina lakuti 桂花乌龙 limatsimikizira kudzaza ndi duwa lamoyo. Palibe ndondomeko imodzi ya msika ya mayina; kapangidwe ka 香 pakati (桂花香乌龙) nthawi zambiri kumasonyeza mtundu wachilengedwe wa fungo, koma uwu ndi malingaliro a owerenga, osati lamulo lokhazikitsidwa paliponse mwalamulo.
- Sikuperekedwa njira yoyesera yakunyumba yosiyanitsa kudzaza ndi duwa lamoyo ndi chokometsera chakudya. Palibe mayeso odalirika apakhomo; zizindikiro zotchulidwa ndi zolangizira zongotheka.
- Sikunenedwa kuti chiwerengero cha kudzaza 窨次 cha tiyi wa osmanthus chikufanana ndi giredi inayake. Muyezo wogwira ntchito suchiyesa, ndipo palibe njira yofananira pakati pa opanga.
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