---
title: "Guānyīnhú lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/guanyinhu-lucha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Guānyīnhú lǜchá (观音湖绿茶)

**Guānyīnhú Lǜchá** (*Guānyīnhú lǜchá*, 观音湖绿茶) ndi tiyi wobiriwira wosalala wa ku chigawo cha Xiaochang (孝昌县) m’boma la Xiaogan kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa chigawo cha Hubei. Dzinalo linachokera ku nyanja ya Guanyinhu, yomwe malo ake odyera alendo azungulira; pamodzi ndi malowa, madera otetezedwa akuphatikizapo matauni anayi ndi tawuni za chigawocho. Kuyambira pa 29 December 2015, tiyiyu amatetezedwa ngati chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha dera, ndipo mu 2021 adakhazikitsa muyezo wa boma la mzinda. Mafotokozedwe amafupikitsa maonekedwe ake monga "zoyera zinayi": masamba owuma obiriwira bwino, madzi oonekera bwino, fungo loyera, ndi pansi pa tiyi wobiriwira.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Gulu limatchulidwa mu dzina lotetezedwa.
* **Gulu:** Tiyi wobiriwira wosalala wa ku Xiaogan; chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha dera (2015).
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), boma la mzinda Xiaogan (孝感, *Xiàogǎn*), chigawo cha Xiaochang (孝昌, *Xiàochāng*).
* **Malo otetezedwa:** Magawo asanu a chigawo cha Xiaochang m’malire awo amakono: malo odyera alendo a zachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe a nyanja ya Guanyinhu (观音湖生态文化旅游度假区), mzinda wa Xiaowu (小悟乡) ndi matauni a Xiaohe (小河镇), Weidian (卫店镇) ndi Wangdian (王店镇). Mndandanda wachokera ku nkhokwe ya zinthu zokhala ndi chizindikiro cha dera; sindinawuyese ndi mawu a chilengezo chenichenicho.
* **Malo a coordinate:** Likulu la chigawo cha Xiaochang lili pafupi ndi 31.3° kumpoto ndi 114.0° kum’mawa; palibe coordinate yeniyeni ya malo otetezedwa m’mabuku omwe tawapeza.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Nthano.** Bungwe loyang’anira msika la Xiaogan (2023) linalemba kuti mbiri ya tiyiyu imachokera ku nthano, imatsatiridwa kuyambira nyengo za Sui ndi Tang ndipo inakula kwambiri mu nyengo za Ming ndi Qing, ndipo nthawi yomweyo imanena kuti zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri, osafotokoza kusiyana kwake. Mafotokozedwe a mabuku amafotokoza nthano ziwiri. Mwa yoyamba, m’zaka za Sui ndi Tang, "Mfumu ya Nanyang" Wu Yunzhao (伍云昭), akuthawa asilikali a Tang, adadziponya pansi kuchokera kuphiri la Shaohuashan (少华山), adapulumutsidwa, adakhala monk ndipo adabzala mitengo ya tiyi zana pafupi ndi thanthwe m’mphepete mwa nyanja ya Guanyinhu. Mwa yachiwiri, m’nyengo ya Ming, wolemekezeka Li Daoyuan (李道元), yemwe adakhala monk paphiri la Shaohuashan, adabweretsa mbewu za tiyi kuchokera kwina ndikudzifesa mozungulira nyanjayi; motero, malinga ndi mafotokozedwewo, zinalembedwa pa mwala. Sindinawone malemba a mwalawu; palibe umboni wa zolemba za izi.
    * **2015.** Bungwe lalikulu loyang’anira ubwino, kuyendera ndi kukhazikitsa kwa quarantine (AQSIQ) mwa chilengezo cha 2015 No. 162 adateteza "观音湖绿茶" monga chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha dera; nkhokwe ya zolemba imati chigamulocho ndi 29 December 2015. Zolemba za Bungwe loyang’anira msika la Xiaogan (2023) zimati chaka chovomerezeka ndi 2016; sindinathe kuthetsa kusiyana kumeneku. Chinthucho chili pa mndandanda wa zizindikiro za dera za Hubei, zomwe Bungwe la Intellectual Property la chigawocho linasindikiza mu January 2022.
    * **2021.** Muyezo wa boma la mzinda Xiaogan DB4209/T 21—2021 "地理标志产品 观音湖绿茶" unakhazikitsidwa; nambala yake ndi dzina zimadziwika kuchokera ku mindandanda ya miyezo. Kaya ikugwira ntchito pano, sindinayang’ane; sindinawone malemba ake ndipo sindikutchula zofunikira za muyezowo.
* **Dzina:** "Guanyinhu" (观音湖) ndi dzina la nyanja; "lǜchá" (绿茶) ndi tiyi wobiriwira.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Mafotokozedwe a mabuku amatchula mwambi wa m’deralo "正月眠枣二月花，三月雨前观音茶" — "mwezi woyamba zipatso za ma jujube zimagona, mwezi wachiwiri maluwa amaphuka, mwezi wachitatu, mvula isanagwe, tiyi wa Guanyin." Mafotokozedwewo amati ndi nyimbo yakale ya anthu; sapereka mlembi kapena nthawi yolembedwa.

**3. Kufotokoza kwa Botanical ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mitundu / Cultivar:** Malinga ndi mafotokozedwe a mabuku, amabzala makamaka mitundu yosinthidwa Echa No. 1 (鄂茶1号, *Èchá 1*) ndi Fuding Dabai (福鼎大白, *Fúdǐng dàbái*); kwinakwake m’mafotokozedwe omwewo, Zhongcha 108 (中茶108, *Zhōngchá 108*) amatchulidwanso.
* **Muyezo wa kuthyola:** Palibe deta mu mabuku omwe tawapeza.
* **Nthawi yothyola:** Palibe nthawi yeniyeni mu mabuku omwe tawapeza. Mwambi wa "mwezi wachitatu mvula isanagwe" umanena za tiyi wa masika, koma ndi nthano, osati lamulo.

**4. Terroir ndi Zinthu Zina za Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Mapiri a chigawo cha Xiaochang ozungulira nyanja ya Guanyinhu, kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa chigawo cha Hubei.
* **Kutalika kwa kulima:** **450–800 m** — malinga ndi mafotokozedwe a mabuku, omwe, mwa maonekedwe ake, amafotokoza zofunikira za malo.
* **Dothi:** Malinga ndi mafotokozedwe omwewo — lachikasu-bulauni (黄棕壤), pH 5.5–6.5, lolemera ndi organic matter, lokhala ndi dothi lachonde osachepera 0.5 m.
* **Nyengo:** Palibe deta yeniyeni ya malo otetezedwa mu mabuku omwe tawapeza.

**5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:**

Sindinawone chikalata cha ukadaulo wa Guanyinhu Lücha. Kwa tiyi wobiriwira wosalala, ndondomeko yodziwika bwino ndi iyi:

1.  **Kuyalira masamba atsopano (摊放, *tānfàng*):** Masamba amayalidwa mosanjikiza kuti atulutse chinyezi.
2.  **Kukhazikitsa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Kutentha kumaletsa kusintha kwa mtundu ndikusunga mtundu wobiriwira.
3.  **Kupanga maonekedwe (做形, *zuòxíng*):** Masamba amawongoleredwa ndi kukanikizidwa mpaka kukhala osalala.
4.  **Kuyanika (干燥, *gānzào*):** Kuyanika mpaka chinyezi chokhazikika ndikutulutsa fungo.

Ichi ndi dongosolo lalikulu la gululi, osati kufotokoza ukadaulo wa Guanyinhu Lücha.

Zolemba za Bungwe loyang’anira msika la Xiaogan (2023) zimatchula njira za m’deralo mwa mayina okha: kuthyola ndi kukonza mu nyengo ya mvula ya meiyu, "kukhazikitsa kawiri" (二次杀青), "kuchedwetsa kubwerera kwa chinyezi" (延时回潮) ndi "kuchotsa tsitsi pa makina awiri" (双机脱毫). Sizipereka magawo a njirazi.

**6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:**

Kufotokoza kuli pansipa kwaperekedwa kwa mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri (特级) — malinga ndi mafotokozedwe a mabuku ndi nkhokwe ya zinthu zokhala ndi chizindikiro cha dera.

* **Maonekedwe a masamba owuma:** Osalala, osalala ndi owongoka, owonda, obiriwira ngati emerald (扁平光直，挺秀翠绿); ofanana ndi oyera, okhala ndi tsitsi lowoneka (匀齐光洁，显毫).
* **Fungo la masamba owuma:** Palibe kufotokoza kwapadera mu mabuku omwe tawapeza.
* **Fungo la madzi:** Oyera ndi osakhalitsa, okhala ndi fungo lodziwika la maluwa (清香持久，显花香).
* **Kukoma:** Kwatsopano ndi kofewa, kokoma ndi kotsitsimula (鲜醇，润爽).
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Wobiriwira pang’ono ndi wowala (嫩绿明亮).
* **Pansi pa tiyi (masamba ophikidwa):** Ofewa, osakhwima ndi ofanana (柔嫩匀齐).

"Zoyera zinayi" (四清) za mafotokozedwe zimafotokoza motere: tiyi wouma ndi woyera-obiriwira (干茶清翠), madzi ndi oonekera (茶汤清亮), kukoma kuli ndi fungo loyera (茶味清香), pansi pa tiyi ndi wobiriwira (叶底青绿).

Kufotokoza kwa Bungwe loyang’anira msika la Xiaogan (2023) kumafotokoza fungo mosiyana — "fungo lodziwika la chestnut, ndi fungo pang’ono la maluwa" (明显栗香，略显花香). Izi zikusemphana ndi kufotokoza kwa khalidwe; sindikudziwa chomwe chili pafupi ndi tiyi wamakono.

**7. Kapangidwe ka Chemical:**

Mafotokozedwe a mabuku amapereka zizindikiro izi; sikuti zikunenedwa kuti zikugwira ntchito pa mtundu uti:

| Chizindikiro | Mtengo |
| :--- | :--- |
| Chinyezi | osapitirira 6.5 % |
| Ufa ndi zidutswa | osapitirira 5.5 % |
| Phulusa lonse | osapitirira 7 % |
| Zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi | osachepera 42 % |
| Fiber wosaphika | osapitirira 10 % |

Izi ndi kufotokoza kwa zofunikira, osati deta ya mayeso; sindinawone gwero loyambirira la tebulo. Mulingo wa zinthu zosungunuka apa ndi wapamwamba kuposa mu muyezo wa Xiaochang Fenghuangshan Cha wapafupi (osachepera 38 %).

**8. Ubwino Wathanzi:**

Palibe umboni wotsimikizidwa pa zotsatira za tiyiyu weniweni.

**9. Kuphika:**

Njira ya gulu la tiyi wobiriwira.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3 g pa 150 ml.
* **Zida:** Galasi lagalasi kapena gaiwan yoyera — mu galasi mumawona momwe masamba osalala amaimira m’madzi.
* **Ndondomeko:**
    1. Tenthetsa chidebe.
    2. Ikani tiyi ndikutsanulira madzi m’mphepete.
    3. Kupaka koyamba — pakadutsa masekondi 40–60.
    4. Imwani, kusiya gawo la madzi.
    5. Onjezerani madzi.
    6. Kubwereza kuwirikiza kawiri kapena katatu.

**10. Kusunga:**

Njira ya gulu. Mu phukusi lotsekedwa, mufiriji pa 0–5 °C, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo. Fungo la maluwa ndi mtundu wobiriwira zimatha koyamba, choncho tiyiyu ndi bwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka.

**11. Mitengo ndi Zonama:**

Palibe deta ya mitengo mu mabuku omwe tawapeza.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonama:**
    * Fufuzani chizindikiro cha chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha dera ndi dzina "观音湖绿茶".
    * Onetsetsani kuti wopanga amachokera ku malo otetezedwa: malo odyera alendo a Guanyinhu, mzinda wa Xiaowu, matauni a Xiaohe, Weidian kapena Wangdian a chigawo cha Xiaochang.
    * Masamba — osalala, owongoka ndi obiriwira ngati emerald, okhala ndi tsitsi; madzi — obiriwira pang’ono ndi oonekera.

**12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:**

* Chigawo chimodzi cha Xiaochang chili ndi mayina atatu otetezedwa a tiyi, ndipo onse atatu amafotokozedwa ngati tiyi wobiriwira; ena awiri amalumikizidwa ndi tawuni ya Zhouxiang, yomwe siili mu dera la Guanyinhu Lücha.
* Dzina la tiyiyu ndi toponym: "观音" pano limatanthauza nyanja, ndipo tiyiyu alibe kugwirizana ndi oolong a ku Fujian a Tie Guanyin ([铁观音](https://thetea.app/ny/article/tie-guanyin)) kapena Huang Guanyin ([黄观音](https://thetea.app/ny/article/huang-guanyin)) kupatula pa mawu.
* Mwambi wa m’deralo umayika "tiyi wa Guanyin" pamodzi ndi maluwa a ma jujube — monga chizindikiro cha mwezi wachitatu.

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wapafupi:**

* **Xiaochang Fenghuangshan Cha ([孝昌凤凰山茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/xiaochang-fenghuangshan-cha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wosalala wa tawuni ya Zhouxiang m’chigawo chomwecho, chizindikiro cha certification cha 2015; ali ndi muyezo wokhala ndi ukadaulo wathunthu.
* **Zhouxiang Fenghuang Cha ([周巷凤凰茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/zhouxiang-fenghuang-cha)):** Chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha dera cha tawuni yomweyo ya Zhouxiang, chotetezedwa kuyambira 2014.
* **Dawu Lücha ([大悟绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/dawu-lucha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa chigawo china cha Dawu m’boma lomwelo la Xiaogan, chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha dera cha 2012, chokhala ndi mitundu itatu ya masamba.

**Pomaliza:**

Guanyinhu Lücha ndi tiyi wobiriwira wosalala wa chigawo cha Xiaochang, wochokera m’minda yotalika 450–800 m kuzungulira nyanja yomwe inamupatsa dzina. Mafotokozedwe amasonyeza masamba owongoka obiriwira ngati emerald okhala ndi tsitsi, fungo losakhalitsa ndi fungo la maluwa ndi madzi obiriwira pang’ono. Zolemba zimatsimikizira chitetezo kuyambira 2015 ndi muyezo wa 2021; mbiri yakale yomwe mabuku amatchula ikadali nthano.